96 
allen’s naturalist’s library. 
Younff. — At first recognisable by having the forehead and 
crown of head grey like the body, and a tinge of yellow on the 
throat ; the fore-neck and chest dull ashy with a dusky spot on 
the former. After the first moult the young birds may still be 
recognised by the yellow tinge on the white throat; the head 
is grey like the body, but the forehead is white. 
The White Wagtail may always be distinguished from the 
Pied Wagtail in summer by its pure grey back, which contrasts 
with the black head, whereas in the latter species both head 
and back are black. The female of the White Wagtail has a pure 
grey back like the male, whereas there is always some admix- 
ture of black in the back of the Pied Wagtail, though the 
female is never so entirely black as the male. In winter the 
two species are more difficult to distinguish, especially as the 
young birds of both have a grey back like the adults, but at 
all ages the greater amount of white on the wing-coverts serves 
to denote a White Wagtail. 
Range in Great Britain. — A regular visitant in spring, and has 
been identified as nesting in the British Islands on several 
occasions. It has doubtless often been confounded with the 
Pied Wagtail, and is probably more common than is supposed. 
It has been noticed in many parts of Scotland, and on one or 
two occasions the late Mr. E. T. Booth observed it in some 
abundance in the island of Lewis and near Inverness. It is 
probably a regular visitor in autumn on its way south, as in 
1890, and again in 1891, a White Wagtail frequented the lawn 
of our house at Chiswick, appearing in October for two years 
in succession, and remaining for two or three days in the 
neighbourhood. 
Range outside the British Islands. — -A more eastern bird than 
the Pied Wagtail, but found along with the latter bird in its 
winter home in the South of France. It goes much further south 
than M. lugubris , and winters in Senegambia and North-eastern 
Africa. The White Wagtail also goes further to the northward to 
breed than docs its congener, being found throughout Europe 
and extending to Iceland and the Faeroes in summer, and even 
reaching Jan Mayen and South Greenland. Its breeding quarter?- 
extend into Siberia to the valley of the Yenesei, and it winters 
in the plains of North-western India and the Burmese countries. 
