THE PIPITS. 
ITT 
Eange outside the British Islands. — A bird of Eastern Asia, 
breeding from the valley of the Yenesei and Eastern Turkestan 
to Eastern Siberia and Mongolia, whence it migrates south in 
autumn to China, India, and the Burmese countries and the 
Moluccas. At the same season of the year it journeys west- 
ward, and has been recorded from most of the countries of 
Europe. 
Habits. — Mr. Secbohm says that this present species is 
“essentially a Steppe bird, delighting in wet pastures and rich 
meadows left for hay in the northern climates, where the 
harvest is late and it can build its nest in the long grass, and 
rear its young before the mowers come to disturb it, and 
where it can find abundance of food on the short grass after 
the hay is cleared away, just when its young are most 
voracious.” The bird has a habit of hovering in the air, like 
a Kestrel, and is then easily procured ; otherwise, Mr. Secbohm 
says, it is a most difficult species to obtain, as it runs about in 
the grass and cannot be detected. Colonel Lcgge states' that 
in its winter-quarters in Ceylon, Richard’s Pipit frequents 
cattle-pastures, and is very fond of dusting itself in the road 
like a Lark. Everywhere it seems to be a shy species. 
Nest. — Not yet described, but is doubtless similar to that 
of other Pipits. 
Eggs.- — Four to six in number. Axis, <?■ 85-0-9 inch ; diam., 
07. Ground-colour greenish-white, or brownish-white, pro- 
fusely spotted and clouded with spots of brown or greenish- 
brown, with underlying spots of grey, almost completely hiding 
the ground colour of the egg. This is more particularly the 
case in the browner type of egg in the British Museum. 
THE TAWNY-PiriT. ANTIIUS CAMPESTRIS. 
Alauda campestris, Linn., S. N., i., p. 288 (1766). 
Anthus campestris , Newt. ed. Yarr., i., p. 592 (1874) ; Dresser, 
B. Eur., iii., p. 317, pi. 137 (1874); B. O. U. List. Br. 
B., p. 33 < 1 S83) ; Seeb., Br. B., ii., p. 239 (1884); Sharpe, 
Cat. B. Brit. Mus., x., p. 569 (1885); Saunders, Man., p. 
129 (1889); Lilford, Col. Fig. Br. B., pt. xviii. (1891). 
Adult Male. — Sandy-coloured above, with dark centres to the 
