1 1 2 
ALLEN’S NATURALIST’S LIBRARY. 
surfrce S r]fhT Um T°. rm; cheeks, throat, and under 
surface of body whitish, with a wash of sandy-buff on the 
neast and sides of the body ; chest uniform ; wing-coverts ed^ed 
with sandy-buff; outer tail-feather nearly entirely white, with a 
brown edging to the inner web, the shaft of this feather whhe 
the next tail-feather blackish-brown on the inner web, the outer 
web ent, rely light fulvous, this colour extending obliquely along 
the mnei web to the tip, the shaft brown ; sides of face whitish 
wi h a moustachial streak of dusky. Total length, 7 inches 
culinen, o'6. S ; wing, 3-6 ; tail, 2 '3 ; tarsus, ro. ’ 
Adult Female. -Similar to the male, but with the moustachial 
streak less marked; sides of breast slightly streaked with 
dusky brown. Total length, 6-5 inches ; wing, 3-3. 
Wiater Plumage. -Paler than in summer, the sandy margins to 
the feathers broader and more marked, especially on the quills • 
moustachial streak not emphasised. 
Young Birds.— Resemble the winter plumage of the adults but 
distinguished by dusky blackish triangular spots on the fore- 
neck and chest. 
. Note.— The Tawny-Pipit may be distinguished by its slightly-curved 
hmd daw which rs equal to the hind toe in length, or even exceeds Ihe 
at er, by its uniform breast when adult, the broad sandy- coloured margins 
o the wing-coverts, the unstreaked flanks, and the pattern ofthetwoou er 
Kange in Great Britain.— A rare autumnal visitor, generally to 
the south coast. Several examples have been obtained near 
Brighton. 
Range outside the British Islands. — Formed throughout the 
sandy and arid districts of Central and Southern Europe, east- 
ward to Turkestan and Eastern Siberia, wintering in Sene- 
gambia, N.E. Africa, and the plains of North-western India. 
Habits. — From its pale coloration this Pipit might be con- 
sidered a desert-haunting bird, but it cannot be said strictly 
so to be, though it is undoubtedly a frequenter of sandy plains 
and prairie-ground. It inhabits the sand-dunes of the Baltic Pro- 
vinces, and even extends as far west as Holland and the north 
of France ; found as well as in other tracts of sandy and waste 
land throughout the greater part of Europe, its furthest north- 
