r 34 
allen’s naturalist’s library. 
figs, i, 2 (1871); Newt. ed. Yarn, i., p. 483 (1874); 
B. O. U. List Br. B., p. 27 (1883); Gadow, Cat. B. Brit. 
Mus., viii., p. 27 (1883) i Seeb , Brit. B., i., p. 468 (1883) ; 
Saunders, Man., p. 101 (1889); Wyatt, Brit. B., pi. 8, 
fig. 1 (1894). 
Adult Hale. — General colour above light green ; the wings 
and tail blue, the greater coverts tipped with white, forming a 
bar, the inner secondaries also tipped with white ; crown of 
head blue, the forehead whitish, the crown also surrounded 
with a ring of greyish while, followed by a band of blue, which 
commences behind the eye as a narrow stripe and widens out 
on the nape as a broad band, the latter extending ' down the 
sides of the neck, and occupying the chin and throat ; behind 
this blue-black band is an indistinct patch of greyish-white ; 
the whole of the cheeks, sides of face, and ear-coverts greyish- 
white ; remainder of under surface of body yellow, greener on 
the flanks, whiter on the centre of the breast and abdomen ; in 
the centre of the breast a streak of dusky blue ; under wing- 
coverts yellow ; quill-lining white ; bill dusky horn-colour ; 
feet leaden-blue ; iris dark brown. Total length, 4-5 inches ; 
oilmen, 0-35 ; wing, 2-5 ; tail, 1-85 ; tarsus, 0-65. 
Adult Female. — Like the male, but a trifle duller in colour. 
Young. — Much more dingy than the adults ; the crown and 
neck-markings dusky olive ; the whole of the sides of the 
face, which are white in the adult, are pale yellow in the young, 
the under surface being entirely of the latter colour, without 
any central streak of dusky blue on the breast. 
Range in Great Britain. — Universally distributed throughout 
the three kingdoms, and very common in Ireland. It is also 
found throughout Scotland, even to the far north, but has not 
yet been recognised in the Outer Hebrides. A western migra- 
tion from the Continent takes place in autumn, when numbers 
of Blue Tits pass over Heligoland, and the birds arrive on oui 
east coasts in quantities. 
Range outside tie Britisl Islands. — Found generally throughout 
Europe, reaching eastward to the Ural Mountains and the 
Caucasus, in Russia as high as 6i° N. lat., and in Norway 
even further north, to 64°. To the south of the Mediterranean 
