THE PIED FLYCATCHERS. 
323 
THE PIED FLYCATCHER. FICEDULA ATRICAPILLA. 
Muscicapa alricapilla, Linn., Syst. Nat., i., p. 326 (1766); Newt, 
ed. Yarn, i., p. 229 (1872); Dresser, B. Eur., iii., p. 453, 
pi- i 5 8 ( l8 7 S)i Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., iv\, p. 157 
(1879) ; B. O. D. List Br. B., p. 41 (1883); Seeb., Br. B., 
i., p. 328 (1883); Saunders, Man., p. 151 (1889). 
Muscicapa luctuosa, (Scop.); Macg., Br. B., iii., p. 524 (1840). 
Ficedula alricapilla , Salvad. Elench. Ucc. ItaL, p. 84 (1886). 
Adult Male — General colour above black, as also the wing- 
coverts ; the median series tipped with white, and the greater 
coverts entirely white ; primary-coverts and quills dark brown, 
the inner primaries white at the base of the outer web, the 
secondaries with a conspicuous fawn-coloured spot at the base 
of both webs, and the inner secondaries white at the base, the 
innermost ones entirely white, with more or less black towards- 
the end of the feathers ; tail black, the three outer feathers- 
marked with white, the outermost one being almost entirely 
white, with a brown mark near the end of the inner web; lores, 
sides of face, and ear-coverts, black ; cheeks and under surface 
of body white, as also the under wing-coverts and axillaries 
bill and legs black; iris brown. Total length, 55 inches; 
oilmen, 0-4; wing, 3-15; tail, 2-15; tarsus, 07. 
Adult Female.- — Different from the male, being brown instead 
of black above, the greater coverts tipped with white ; quills 
blackish-brown, the secondaries white at their bases, the inner 
primaries having a small white spot at the base of the outer 
web; upper tail-coverts black; tail-feathers blackish-brown, 
the three outer ones marked with white on the ouLr web ; fore- 
head and eyelid ochraceous buff; sides of face, cheeks and throat, 
breast and sides of body pale ochraceous-brown, shading off 
into white on the abdomen and under tail-coverts; throat 
whitish in the middle. Total length, 5 - i inches ; wing 2'95- 
Range in Great Britain. — A regular summer migrant, and a bird 
of very local distribution. It is said to have nested occasionally 
in most of the southern counties, and in the midlands, but, as a 
rule, it is only found in the south on migration. It nests, however, 
regulaily in the northern counties, in Northumberland, Durham, 
Yorkshire, Lancashire, Cheshire, and the border counlies be- 
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