22 
ali.kn’s naturalist’s library. 
Immature Birds in Winter.— These resemble in colour the 
winter plumage of the adult, but, according to Mr. Howard 
Saunders, have the forehead and crown nearly white, it dark 
my band on the upper wing-coverts, more grey on the outer 
webs of the tail-feathers, the under parts white, and the bill 
and feet nearly black. 
Nestling.— Mr. Saunders remarks that there is scarcely any 
difference between the nestlings of the Arctic and Common 
Terns, but the former has a tendency to more pronounced 
black ’on the throat; the upper parts have a huffish ground- 
colour which seems to be very variable in tint. 
Young.— Can always be distinguished from the old ones by 
the sandy-buff bars on the upper surface. The bill is yellow 
at the base, with the tip horn-colour ; the feet (says Mr. 
Saunders) are yellow up to October, afterwards browner. Ihe 
forehead is white, the occiput blackish, the sides of the neck 
and flanks tinged with buff, and there is a considerable amount 
of grey on the outer webs of the tail-feathers. 
Range In Great Britain.— The breeding range of the Arctic 
Tern is more northerly than that of the Common Tern, as it 
nests from the Humber to the Fame Islands northwards 
alon- the east coast of Scotland to the Orkneys and the 
Shetlands, being the only species of Tern which breeds in 
the latter group of islands. On the west coast of Scotland it 
breeds as far south as the Isle of Skye, and in former times 
it was known to do so as far south as Cornwall. In its 
southern nesting area, however, it seems to be out-numbered 
by the Common Tern. In Ireland, Mr. R. J. Ussher says it 
“breeds on islands off the coast, usually in company with the 
Common Tern, in Donegal, Antrim, Down, Dublin, Wexford, 
Cork Kerry, Galway, and Mayo. A few breed on an inland 
lake ’ Lough Carra, in Mayo.” Along the shores of Great 
Britain it occurs everywhere on migration, but seldom appears 
inland. 
Range outside the British Islands.— The distribution of the 
Arctic Tern is thus summed up by Mr. Saunders in the 
twenty-fifth volume of the “Catalogue of Birds” Circum- 
polar and northern regions of the Old and New Worlds, 
