94 
Af.r.EN's naturalist’s librarv. 
I. THE great CRKSTF.n GREBE. LOPHA!THYIA CRISTATA. 
Colymbus aisiaim, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p 222(1766) 
rodt,cpscrhtatus, Macgill. Brit. B. v, p. 250 (.852); Dresser, 
V'J'- ?■ B. O. U. I.ist Brit. ]!. 
p. 202 (1883); Saunders, ed. Yarrell’s Brit. B iv p n- 
(1884); Seebohni, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 44.- H88-/- 
Lilford, Col. Fig. Brit. B. part xviii. (189;). ^ ’ 
Podidpes crisMm, Saunders, Man. Brit. B. p. 701 (1889). 
Adult Male In Breeding: Plumage.— General colour above black 
obscure brown edges; scapulars and wing- 
X X ^ A ^ the lesser series forming a white band along 
the carpal edge of the wing; quills also black, the secondaries 
white, the inner ones white, e.xternally more or less brown, and 
the innermost .secondaries like the back; tail blackish; crown 
ot head black c.vpanding into a crest or tuft of long plumes on 
each side of the nape; the lores white with a reddish tinge 
continued m a narrow line over the eye; the sides of the 
crown, sides of face, fore-part of cheeks and ear-coverts, 
white ; sides of hinder crown, hind part of ear-coverts and 
cheeky oraii^ge-chestniit, tipped with black, forming a verv 
wide frill which nearly meets on the throat; entire under^ 
surface of body silky white, with a tinge of vinous chestnut on 
the fore-neck and sides of body, the latter mottled with 
blackish centres to the feathers; under wing-coverts and 
axillanes win e; “bill red; the bare space between the eye and 
the ba.scof the bill b ackish ; legs and feet olive-green; iris 
crimson (H. Seebohm). Total length, 20 inches; culmen 2-2 • 
wing, 7-2 ; tail, r6 ; tarsus, 2-4. ’ ' 
Adult Female. -Similar to the male, but 
Total length, 18 inches; wing, 6‘9 
slightly smaller. 
Winter Piumap.— The colour of the back and of the under- 
surface IS much the same as m the summer plumage, but is a 
ittje greyei3 and there is no ruddy tinge on the sides of the 
f k^’h" XX krown- The wings are also the same 
at both seasons of the year. The red tippet, however, is lost, 
and the crown of the head is blackish, but the lateral crest is 
indicated by elongated feathers e.xtending to each side of the 
nape; lores and a streak over the eye, white. In a male 
