230 
ALLEN’S naturalist’s LIBRARY. 
11 . THE CAROLINA CRAKE. PORZANA CAROLINA. 
Rallus Carolina, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 362 ('1766') 
Porzana Carolina, B. O. U. List. Brit. B. p. 147 
Saunder^ Manual Bnt. B. p. 496, note (1889) ; Sharpe 
Cat. B. Bnt. Mus. xxiii. p. 97 (1894). ^ 
Crex Carolina, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 541 (1884). 
Adult Male.— General colour above olivaceous brown, varied 
Wr centres arid white margins to the feathers ; the 
er back and rump darker, the black centres to the feathers 
being more pronounced; wing-coverts for the most part uniform 
olivaceous brown, with white spots and freckles on the greater 
series ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills, dusky-brown 
externally olivaceous brown, the bastard-wing feathers and outer 
With black and edged with white like the back ; tail-feathers 
olivaceous brown, with blackish centres ; crown of head and 
neck more rufous brown than the back, and more uniform • 
forehead and centre of crown black, as well as the lores, fore 
part of cheeks, and centre of throat and fore-neck ; a narrow 
eyebrow, sides of face, sides of neck, and chest ashy-grey 
breast white, the lower flanks barred with black ; the sides of 
the body brown, barred with white, each white bar with a 
narrow border-lme of black; thighs brown ; under tail-coverts 
white the vent tinged with fulvous; under wing-coverts brown 
edged with white like the edge of the wing ; axillaries brown’ 
the end"' 'file; bill yellow at base, dusky toward^ 
the end feet ye lo wish-green ; claws light brown; iris bright 
chestnut. Total length, 8-o inches; culmen, 0-9 ; wing, 4-3 • 
tail, I g ; tarsu,s, 1.45 ; middle toe and claw, 175. ^ ’ 
Adult Female.— Similar to the male in colour. 
8 0 inches ; wing, 4-25. 
Total length. 
Yo-ongr.— Upper surface resembling that of the adult, but the 
f ’■ throat and 
ore-neck, sandy- bulf; the under tail-coverts light tawny bulf- 
sides of tim breast brown, and the flanks black, both barred 
across with white; lores and sides of face ashy-brown; a 
supra-loral streak, eyebrow, and cheeks samly buff. 
