THE SEA-EAGLES. 
163 
toe. The nostrils are perpendicular ovals, the tail is slightly 
rounded, and the bare tarsus is scaled in front and reticulated 
behind. 
Members of the genus Haliaeius are found in the northern 
portions of the New World, but are not known from Central 
or South America. In the Old World they are found almost 
everywhere, and one species, Haliaeius kucogaster, is an in- 
habitant of the Malayan Archipelago, Australia, and even ex- 
tends to some of the Oceanic Islands. 
I. THE WHITE-TAILED EAGLE. HALLAETUS ALBICILLA. 
Vultur albicilla, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 123 (1766). 
Haliaeius albicilla, Macg. Brit. B. iii. p. 221 (1840) ; Newt. ed. 
Yarr. Brit. B. i. p. 25 (1871); Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. 
i- P- 303 (1874); Dresser, B. Eur. v. p. 551, pi. 34^ 
(187s); B. O. U. List Br. B. p. 97 (1883); Seebohm, 
Br. B. i. p. 87 (1883) ; Saunders, Man. Br. B. p. 319 
(1889) ; Lilford, Col. Fig. Brit. B. parts xiii. xvi. (1890). 
(Plate XLVI.) 
Adult Male. — General colour above brown, with a tinge of 
sandy-colour on the neck and wing-coverts, many of the 
feathers being edged with pale brown or ashy-grey ; head and 
sides of face with a decided tinge of ashy-grey, the ear-coverts 
browner ; the median and greater wing-coverts glossy brown, 
with whity-brown margins ; ([uills black, with brown shafts, the 
primaries externally shaded with ashy, the secondaries like the 
back, but darker brown towards their tips j lower back and rump 
dark brown ; long upper tail-coverts white, slightly varied with 
brown at the base and at the tips; iail pure while ; under 
surface of body brown, the throat and chest whity-brown, 
with dark brown central streaks, some of the feathers shaded 
with ashy ; under w'ing-coverts and inner lining of quills dark 
brown, the latter inclining to ashy ; cere and bill yellow ; feet 
yellow, the claws black; iris straw-yellow. Total length, 33'5 
inches; culmen, 3-0; wing, 24'5 ; tail, n o; tarsus, 4'i. 
Adult Female. — Similar to the male, but larger. Total length, 
38 inches; culmen, 3-8; wing, 26'3; tail, i3'S ; tarsus, 4'6. 
Young Birds. — The young are much darker than tlic adults, 
and much more mottled, the head and neck being blackish- 
brown, the long feathers slightly tipped with fulvous-brown, not 
M 2 
