FBINGItLIDiE. ALAUDINJE. 291 
long ; first quill longer than the second, the rest 
graduated. Tarsus short. Middle toe and claw 
moderate, not longer than the tarsus ; lateral toes 
short, perfectly equal. Hinder claw as long as its roe ; 
anterior claws small, and all of them nearly straight. 
America and Europe. 
P. nivalis. Selby, pi. 52. f, 7. J.apponica. N. Z. ii. pi. 4P. 
Wilson, iii. 21. f. 2. picta. Ib. ii. pi. -i!) 
Agbophilus, Sw. Bill resem- 
bling Chondestes ; but the 
upper mandible is entire, and 
the base of the culmen far 
advanced between the frontal 
feathers. Wings somewhat 
lengthened ; the first quill 
spurious, and not half so long as the second ; fifth 
and second equal, third and fourth longest. Tail 
moderate, slightly rounded. Feet large and strong. 
Middle toe rather longer than the tarsus ; lateral toes 
equal, but shorter than the hinder. All the claws 
strong, and fully curved, {fig. 26'4.) 
A. superciliosus. Itiipp. Atlas, pi. 15. W''est Af. i. 209. 
SuBFAM. ALAUDINAl. Larks. 
Bill more lengthened than in any of the FringUlidm ; 
the tip entire, or obsoletely notched. Tertial quills con ■ 
siderably lengthened, pointed, and generally as long as 
tbe quills. Claws very slightly curved ; the claw of the 
outer toe always shorter than that of the inner toe ; 
Bte hinder claw considerably lengthened, and either 
nearly straight, or very slightly curved. 
A-LAonA, Ijinn. Bill cylindrical. Nostrils concealed. 
Wings very long j no spurious quill ; the first, second, 
and third quills longest, and nearly equal ; the rest 
considerably graduated ; tips of the lesser quills 
emarginate. Tail forked. Head crested. Europe 
and America. The fissh'ostral type. 
A. arvensis. Selby, 50, f. 1. cornuta. Wils. pi- 5. f- 4. 
