10 
Allen’s naturalist’s library. 
chest, as well as the sides of the body, rufous mottled with 
dusky bases to the feathers; breast and abdomen white, mottled 
with dusky on the lower part of the latter. Total length, 14 0 
inches; culmen, 1-5; wing, 67; tail, 1-9; tarsus, I'l. 
Young Birds. — Count Salvador! states that in immature birds 
the head and neck is brown, with scarcely any chestnut tinge 
on the side of the head, the breast and under-parts are brown, 
the abdomen paler and almost whitish, the under tail-coverts 
being dull whitish. The iris is said by Dr. Scully to be dark 
brown or brownish-grey. 
Hybrids. — Crosses between this species and the Scaup, the 
Tufted Scaup, and the Summer Duck, have been recorded. 
Characters.— This species is distinguished by its white iris, 
white speculum, and chestnut head. The male has also a 
white chin-spot. 
Range in Great Britain. — An irregular visitor, generally occur- 
ring in the winter and spring. Over thirty examples have been 
recorded, principally from the eastern counties, but it has also 
been met with in Cumberland, Northumberland, Dorset, Devon 
Radnorshire, and has thrice been obtained near Edinburgh’ 
and has occurred four times on the east and north-east coastrof 
Ireland. 
Range outside the British Islands. — The White-eyed Pochard 
or “ Ferruginous Duck,” as it is often called, is an inhabitant 
of Southern and Central Europe, and breeds from Holland 
through Germany to the latitude of Moscow. It also breeds 
in Central Asia and in Cashmere, visiting the Indian Peninsula 
and Burma in winter, at which season it also extends through 
Egypt to Abyssinia, and is found as far west as the Canaries. 
Habits. — These are said by Lord Lilford to be like those of 
the Common Pochard, but its flight is more swift than that of 
the latter species. He observes ; — “ It is remarkably tame and 
fearless of man in comparison with others of the Anatidx, and 
loves the thick coverts of dense aquatic vegetation. The call- 
note is a harsh rattling monosyllable, frequently repeated. The 
flesh of this bird is, in my opinion, excellent.” 
Mr. Hume says that these Ducks rise from the water with 
some little difficulty, and strike it repeatedly with their feet as 
