ali.en’s naturalist’s library. 
i6 
is the most usual full clutch, but I have found ten, twelve, 
fifteen, and even twenty eggs in a nest. The last-mentioned 
was, I believe, the produce of two females.” The colour varies 
from drab-brown or stone-colour to greenish-brown. Axis, 
2’2-2’4 inches; diam., i'6-i’7. 
Down.— Very small, and dark chocolate-brown, with a scarcely 
perceptible whitish centre, the filaraental tips being also brown. 
II. THE SCAUP DUCK. FULIGULA MARILA. 
Afias marila, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 196 (1766). 
Fuligu/a marila, Macg. Br. B. v. p. 1 16 (1852) ; Dresser, B. Eur. 
vi. p. 565, pi. 436 (1878) ; B. O. U. List Br. B. p. 129 
(1883); Seebohm, Br. B. iii. p. 579 (1885) ; Saunders, ed. 
Yarr. Br. B. iv. p. 423 (1885); id. Man. Br. B. p. 437 
(1889); Lilford, Col. Eig. Br. B. part xv. {1890) ; Salvad. 
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxvii. p. 356 (1895). 
{Plate LIX.) 
Adult Male.— Back light grey or white, pencilled with blackish 
vermiculations, less continuous on the upper scapulars, which 
in consequence look whiter than the rest of the back ; the 
lower back black with a few whitish vermiculations ; rump 
and upper tail-coverts black, with a large white patch on both 
sides ; tail sooty-brown ; wing-coverts black, finely pencilled 
with greyish or white vermiculations, which are less plentiful 
on the greater series and only appear at the ends of the latter ; 
bastard-wing and primary-coverts dusky-bl.ackish, the primaries 
dull ashy externally, and blackish at the end of the inner webs, 
which are for the rest drab-brown, forming a distinct “ mirror ” ; 
the secondaries white with a broad black band at the end, the 
innermost black, glossed with oily-green ; head, sides of face, 
and throat glossy dark green, changing to purple, according 
to the light in which the bird is held ; hind-neck and upper 
mantle, sides of neck, fore-neck, and chest black with a bronzy 
gloss ; the rest of the under surface of body white, from the 
chest downwards, with a few blackish vermiculations near the 
black chest-patch, and again on the lower abdomen ; vent and 
under tail-coverts black ; sides of body, under wing-coverts, 
and axillaries pure white, the outer coverts dusky, freckled with 
grey, the lower primary-coverts pale ashy like the quill-lining ; 
