173 
Allen’s naturalist’s library. 
culmen, 0-9; wing, 6-3; tail, 2-45; tarsus, 0-95; middle toe 
cltiw I • 
Youhk Birds.— General colour above dusky-brown, all the 
feathers edged with sandy-buff or rufous; wings and tail as m 
the adult ; crown of head dark brown, streaked with sandy 
buff, the margins of the feathers being of this colour ; tail- 
feathers white, with a broad sub-terminal band of black, de- 
creasing in extent towards the outermost feathers, all the 
feathers tipped with sandy-buff; throat and under surface of 
body white ; the lower throat, fore-neck, sides of neck, and 
sides of breast mottled with dusky-blackish centres to the 
feathers, marking the black pattern of the adults even the 
semi-lunar neck-band of the adults being indicated by a broad 
crescentic band of sandy-buff in the young. 
Winter Plumage of the Adult.— Above nearly uniform dusky- 
brown, but not showing the tawny-rufous margins to the 
feathers of the upper surface, the edges being ashy-brown. 
The head is uniform brown like the back ; the hind-neck and 
sides of neck are ashy, mottled with dusky centres to the 
fathers • sides of face brown, with more or less white on the 
SSufthe blKk markings on the cheek, and throat a. 
in the breeding bird, but the white semi-l^urar band on the 
sides of the neck replaced by a patch of light brown. 
The difference between the winter plumage of the adult and 
the first full plumage of the young birds consists in the sandy- 
buffmariins to the feathers of the upper surface which are 
very distinct in the latter at first. Afterwards they become 
abraded, and then there is scarcely any distinguishing mark be- 
tween the winter plumages of the adult and young. In the spring 
the red plumage is very rapidly acquired, and I believe that it 
is gained quite as much by the change m the pattern of the 
feather as by a direct moult. 
Range in Great Britain.-Although up to the preseirf moment 
there is no authentic instance of the breeding of the Turn-stone 
in Great Britain, it is by no means improbable that the species 
does nest with us. Although a few remain during the winter 
in the milder parts of Southern England, the Turn-stone must 
be regarded as a migrant, principally in spring and autumn, on 
its way to and from its northern breeding quarters, coming 
