198 
Allen’s naturalist’s library. 
one which skirts the mantle ; tail slaty-blackish, the feathers 
narrowly fringed with white ; crown of head, nape, and hind- 
neck dark slaty-grey, as also the lores, feathers below the eye, 
and ear-coverts ; entire lower throat bright ferruginous, this 
colour extending over the sides of the neck to behind the ear- 
coverts ; the fore-neck mottled with slaty-grey, which colour 
extends over the upper breast, where it is slightly tinged with 
rufous ; remainder of under surface of body, from the fore-neck 
downwards, pure white ; the sides of the body streaked with 
ashy centres to the feathers; under tail-coverts white, the longer 
ones mottled with ashy-grey spots near the tips ; under wing- 
coverts white, the feathers round the bend of the wing dusky 
with white tips ; quills dusky below, ashy along the inner web. 
Total length, 7 inches; culmen, 0-9; wing, 4'35 ; tail, 185; 
tarsus, 075. 
Adult Male in Breeding Plnmage. — Similar to the female, but not 
quite so brightly coloured, the rufous of the neck not being so 
strongly developed, and not extending across the lower throat, 
this part as w'ell as the fore-neck and the sides of the breast 
being dark slaty-grey, mostly with whitish edgings to the feathers; 
bill black ; feet greyish-blue, the outer aspect of tarsus, outer 
toe, and the joints darker ; soles and outer web blackish ; iris 
dark brown. Total length, 6‘8 inches; culmen, o‘9; wing, 4^2 ; 
tail, 17 ; tarsus, 075. 
Young. — General colour above blackish, streaked with dark 
ochreous, the feathers of the back being of this colour, with black 
centres ; lower back and rump slaty-blackish ; the upper tail- 
coverts with ochreous margins ; wing-coverts entirely slaty- 
blackish with whitish margins to the median series, the greater 
series being broadly tipped with white ; quills as in the adult ; 
the innermost secondaries and scapulars broadly edged with 
ochreous-bufif; tail as in the adult, the centre feathers edged 
with ochreous, the outer ones with white ; crown of head and 
hind-neck dull slaty-blackish, a little clearer on the latter; fore- 
head, sides of face, and a broad eyebrow white; feathers in front 
of the eye and ear-coverts slaty-blackish ; cheeks and under 
surface of body white, dusted with ashy-brown on the fore-neck, 
chest, and sides of body ; bill black ; feet flesh-colour, outer 
aspect and joints dark greyish ; iris hazel. 
