2o6 
allen’s naturalist’s library. 
Adult Male. —General colour above rufous, black, and grey, 
the whole aspect of the upper surface being mottled 1 ‘ 
colour is rufous, the feathers freckled with coarse black cross ^ 
lines and with large terminal or sub-terminal spots of black, 
many of the feathers tipped with grey, which is distributed over 
the whole of the upper surface in spots and patches; the 
seculars with dusky-greyish cross-bars, each bar with a narrow 
blackish marking ; wdng-coverts more rufous than the back, t e 
lesser-coverts barred with black spots, the median and greater 
series with dusky-grey cross-markings composed of 
soots which have a narrow black line both above and bclou, 
the inner coverts spotted with white or greyish-white at the 
ends; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills dusky-brown, 
chequered with rufous notches on the outer web, the inner web, 
for the most part, uniform, except for some slight notches oa the 
extreme inner margin ; the notches on the outer J'cb^ of the 
first two primaries much paler and inclining to whitish, or in 
old birds, almost disappearing, so that it becomes nearly unu 
form ; the inner secondaries resembling the greater- coverts and 
beinc^ barred across or having twin-spots of blackish or ashy- 
browm, all the inner secondaries having an ashy-white spot at 
the ends, and being largely marked with black m continuation 
of the pattern of the scapulars ; lower back, rump, and upper 
Si -coverts rufous with obsolete cross-markings of ashy-brown 
tail-feathers blackish-brown, notched on the outer webs with 
rufous, and having a grey band at the tip, which is silvery-wh. e 
underneath; the forehead, eyebrow, and sides of face ash), 
with a few bars of dusky-black, of which there is a spot at the 
base of the mandible as well as a blackish line from the base 
of the latter to the eye; the hinder crown principally black, 
mottled with rufous, and barred across with ashy or greyish- 
white bands ; the hind-neck and sides of neck ashy-grey mot- 
tled with bars of dusky-blackish ; ear-coverts ashy with a black 
bar across them; the cheeks somewhat whiter and minutely 
spotted with black; chin white; remainder of under surface 
a?hy-white and barred with pale brown ; the fore-neck, breast 
and sides of body buff, the latter having light brown bars, edged 
above and below with blackish lines; under tail-coverts sandy- 
buff inclining to silvery-white at the tips, the feathers t>arre 
with dusky-black and having a sub-terminal arrow-shaped black 
