3H 
allen’s naturalist’s library. 
the base, with a broad black terminal band, gradually decreasing 
in size towards the outer feathers, which are edged with white 
at the tip, the centre feathers brownish at the tip ; head ashy- 
brown, the forelicad more hoary; an indistinct whitish eyebrow 
extending from the base of the nostril to behind the eye ; lores 
dusky-grey ; below the eye a whitisli spot ; sides of face, sides 
of neck, throat, and chest light ashy-brown, a little darker on 
the sides of the body ; fore part of cheeks and upper throat 
white, as well as the whole of the centre of the breast, abdo- 
men, under tail-coverts, under wing-coverts, and axillaries ; the 
edge of the wing mottled with dark brown bases to the feathers; 
quill-lining white ; bill pale fleshy, blackish-brown at the tip ; 
feet olivaceous-green, toes blackish-brown ; iris brown. Total 
length, i6'S inches; culmen, 4-4; wing, 8-8; tail, 3; tarsus, 
3 ' 2 - 
Adult Female in Winter Plumage. — Similar to the male in colour, 
but rather larger ; bill livid pink, blackish-horny at the tip ; 
feet blackish-plumbeous, toes brownish ; iris brown. Total 
length, i7'5 inches; culmen, 5; wing, 8-5; tail, 3; tarsus, 
3 ' 3 S- 
Adult Male in Summer Plumage. — Differs in having the back 
more or less mottled with rufous and black, the crown of the 
head rufous, with short broad streaks of black, the sides of the 
face and entire neck all round rufous, the fore-neck and breast 
overshaded with rufous, and barred with dusky-blackish, these 
bars also developed on the abdomen and on the sides of the 
body. 
Adult Female in Summer Plumage. — Similar to the male, but with 
less rufous, and distinguished by the larger size. 
Young. — Distinguished from the adults by being darker brown 
above, with broad sandy-rufous edges to the feathers of the 
upper surface, the innermost secondaries b.anded with blackish- 
brown and sandy-rufous ; the head rufous, streaked with dark 
brown, but indistinctly ; sides of face buffy-white, with very fine 
streaks of brown ; thro.at white ; lower throat, sides of neck, 
and chest reddish-buff, slightly mottled with dusky bases to the 
feathers of the side of the breast ; remainder of under surface 
white, suffused with rufescent buff, and shaded with ashy-brown 
on the sides of the body. 
