80 ME. LUBBOCK’S ACCOUNT OF THE TWO ]^IETHODS OE EEPEODUCTION 
has it been determined whether they also are agamic, or whether the stimulus of impreg- 
nation is necessary to bring them to maturity. 
The agamic reproduction of Lapimia has not, indeed, been sufficiently appreciated in 
the different essays which have recently appeared on this subject, and M. de Quateefages 
even says, in an essay on “ Les Metamorphoses*,” “Des cinq classes composant le sous- 
embranchement des Anneles superieurs, ou Anneles a pieds articules, les insectes seuls 
paraissent se reproduire par geneagenese: ou n’a du moins encore rien observe de 
semblable chez les Myriapodes, les Arachnides, les Crustaces, ou les Cirrhipedes.” 
The fact, however, rests upon such excellent evidence, that I need not here do more 
than refer to the observations already mentioned, which are fully confirmed by my own 
experience, and which may easily be repeated by any naturalist who has still some linger- 
ing doubts upon the subject. 
I propose now to describe, — 
First. The male organs. 
Secondly. The formation of the ephippium and the ephippial eggs. 
Thirdly, The formation of the common or agamic eggs. 
Finally. To collect the scattered notices of parthenogenesis among the Aiticulata. 
and to endeavour to show that eggs and buds are not bodies essentially different in their 
nature, and that between them no distinct line of division can be drawn. 
Before, however, entering on my subject, it may perhaps be as well to detail the mode 
in which I carried on my observations. 
My stock of Daphnise were kept in glass vessels, holding two or three pints each, and 
they bred there without giving any trouble. Their food consisted of Scenedesmus ohliquus 
and other microscopic plants, which covered the sides and bottom of the glasses with a 
thin green film. Baplinia Schoefferi was the species I selected, because it is the lai'gest 
of the genus, and because it could be at any time easily obtained from a pond in my 
neighbom’hood. This seemed to be important, because, as the species is generally foimd 
in horseponds, I feared that my specimens would not live long in confinement. On the 
contrary, however, they throve well, though in the coui-se of a few generations they 
diminished considerably in size, suggesting the idea whether they might not after all be 
merely a gigantic variety of Baphnia pulex. This diminution of size in animals kept in 
vivaria, as compared with those living in their native haunts, is not confined to Daphniee, 
nor does it appear, at least in this instance, to be caused by any injurious effect of con- 
finement, because the specimens seemed very healthy and multiplied ffieely : perhaps, 
therefore, it may be connected with the known fact that insulai’ specimens have a ten- 
dency to become smaller than continental ones of the same species. 
When first taken from their native ponds, my Baplmice were generally covered wutli 
Vorticellse, parasitic plants, »&c., which materially impaired their transparency; but I was 
very glad to find that when they had been some time in capthity, they became cleaner 
and more transparent, and that this was especially the case with those which, for the 
* Eevue des deux Mondes, 1 Avril, 1855. 
I 
