96 ME. LUBBOCK’S ACCOIJKT OF THE TWO jMETHODS OE EEPEODrCTIOK 
Mr. P. J. Brown* has observed parthenogenesis in SjjMnx poimli and in Aj'ctia caja, 
and states that M. Wagner has observed the same in S. ocellata. 
M. H. LEHOCQf has met with a similar instance in Arctia caja ; Dr. Kipp in SpMna: 
populiX, quoted by Siebold; Mr. Johnston in Smerinthus ocellatus^-, Mr. Curtis in 
Bomhyx polyplmnusW ; and in Bomhyx mori various naturahsts have cominced themselves 
of the same facts. 
Mr. Westwood has favoured me with the following extract fi’om his unpubhshed 
notes : — “ Mr. Davis (the publisher of the Entomological Magazine, and himself a good 
entomologist) informs me of a singular cu’cumstance connected with the Egger moth, 
which has'been observed by Mr. Tardy, the Irish entomologist, after whom Mesites Tardii 
has been named, this gentleman having reared three generations of this moth from a 
single impregnation.” 
The Bev. P. H. Newnham of Guildford, the Rev. Hugh A. Stowell and Mr. E. W. 
Robinson have kindly informed me by letter that they have observed the same fact 
respectively in Smerinthus populi, Arctia villica, and Arctia caja. 
In Psyche helix and Solenobia parthenogenesis appears to be the rule, while in the other 
Lepidoptera it occurs as an exception ; taking then these nineteen exceptional cases, it 
will be observed that they have all occurred in the hawkmoths or moths, and not one in 
the butterflies ; four in Smerinthus populi and two in S. ocellatus, and three in Arctia 
caja ; that, taking the genera, flve are in Smerinthus., four in Arctia and Gastrophaga, 
and two in Bomhyx. No doubt the Silkworm moth [B. mori) has been so much and so 
carefully observed, that if parthenogenesis did occur even rarely in that species, it would 
certainly have been noticed by many observers ; but I can suggest no explanation of the 
very unequal distribution of the other cases, except that agamogenesis does occim more 
frequently in some genera and species than in others, and a fortiori., that it takes place in 
some. 
But if Professor Siebold and M. Dzierzon are correct, the Hive-bee [Apis mellijica) 
presents us with the most wonderful instance of parthenogenesis as yet knouii among 
the Articulata, since in this instance the males always arise from unimpregnated eggs ; 
and those eggs which, if impregnated, would have produced females, will, if no sperma- 
tozoa are present, give birth to males 
Several naturalists have convinced themselves that some plants have also the power of 
producing agamic seeds, and Gairtner has given an abridged account of the experiments 
on the subject. 
The plants in which the most complete experiments have been undertaken, and in 
which agamic seeds are supposed to have been obtained, are as follows : — 
Zea mays, by R. J. Camerer, and again by Henschel. 
* Mag. of Nat. Hist. viii. p. 557. 
J Bienenzeitung, 1853, p. 1752. 
j| Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1851, p.297. 
t Comptes Eendus, Dec. 8, 1856. 
§ Zoologist, 1818, p. 2269. 
^ "Walire Parthenogenesis, &c., passim. 
