876 
ME. HODGKIXSOX’S EXPEEI:MEXTAL EESEAECHES 
Table I. — Experiments to obtain the Strength of Hollow Uniform Pillars of Low 
Moor Iron, No. 2, each pillar being 10 feet long, and haHrig its ends turned flat and 
perpendicular to the axis. 
Value of j: from for- 
c 
mula 
£ 
Weight 
r- 
Value of ^ 
Breaking 
D3*5o — (i3*55' 
from 
a 
Description of Pillar. 
Deflection. 
producing 
weight, or 
where W is the break- 
formula 
Remarks. 
10 feet long, and as above. 
the de- 
flection. 
that with 
ingr weight, D and d 
W 
which the 
the external and in- 
^ p3*5_rf3*o 
o 
pillar sank. 
temal diameters, the 
length of the pillar 
being 10 feet. 
inches. 
inch. 
lbs. 
lbs. 
lbs. 
lbs. 
1. 
Hollow uniform cylinder. 
-35 
20339 
fit bore this nearlv, but broke with 
External diameter by va- 1 
2-513 
-40 
22635 
33197 lbs. laid on again. 
rious measurements ... J 
-46 
24931 
Internal diameter by va- 1 
1-941 
-54 
27227 
rious measurements ... / 
-68 
29523 
Weight of pillar 60f lbs. 
•78 
31819 
1-00 
34115 
36411 1, or 
33197 
2201-1 
2324-9 
For the form of fracture of this and 
the next pillar see Plate XXXIH. 
Mean 34804 
= 1554 tons. 
2. 
Hollow uniform cylinder. 
•18 
20339 
External diameter by six 1 
2-520 
•25 
24931 
measurements J 
•34 
27227 
29523 
Internal diameter by eight 1 
1-903 
•39 
•48 
31819 
34115 
Weight of pillar Gd J- lbs. 
•61 
•75 
36411 
*The deflections marked thus in this 
1-09 
38707 
and the following experiments were 
1-16* 
39166 
39166 
2332-9 
2463-7 
computed from the two preceding 
= 17-48 tons. 
results. 
3. 
Hollow uniform cylinder. 
•04 
20339 
-f-With this weight it broke, after 
External diameter from 1 
3-021 
•06 
24931 
bearing it several minutes. The 
six measurements J 
•08 
29523 
thickness of the rins of metal on 
Internal diameter from ten I 
2-354 
-13 
38707 
the convex side was -55 and on the 
•16 
•22 
43299 
47891 
Weight of pillar 89|^lbs. 
place nearly in the middle. 
•30 
52483 
•38 
57075 
•55 
61667 
•93 
66259 
66259t 
= 29-58 tons. 
2226-7 
2374-2 
4. 
Hollow uniform cylinder. 
•06 
20339 
fit bore this nearlv, but broke -with 
External diameter from 1 
nine measurements ...J 
30.35 
•10 
•15 
24931 
38707 
67636 lbs. laid on again. 
The pillar broke nearlv in the middle, 
Internal diameter from ten 1 
2-354 
•17 
43299 
and split at both ends; the metal 
measurements J 
•23 
47891 
61667 
differed in thickness on the oppo- 
site sides as 2 to 1 nearlv, the 
Weight of pillar 88 Ihs. 
•31 
•55 
66259 
thicker part being on the concave 
•91 
68555 
72228t, or 
2285-8 
2471-3 
side and therefore compressed. See 
67636 
Mean 69932 
= 31-22 tons. 
Plate XXXIII. 
5. 
Hollow uniform cylinders. 
•18 
48917 
With the weight 110649 this pillar 
External diameter from I 
3-532 
•22 
58325 
sank down, but was not allowed to 
six measurements J 
•32 
77141 
bend so as to break. It was pre- 
Internal diameter from "| 
2646 
•42 
86549 
served in order that an experiment 
eight measurements ... J 
*55 
95957 
might be made upon it in another 
Internal diameter from I 
2-673 
•84 
105365 
wav. When unloaded it became 
computation f 
1-00* 
110649 
110649 
= 49‘39 tons. 
1975-6 
2121-7 
nearly straight, and was easily ren- 
dered so. 
Mean internal diameter ... 
Weight of pillar 130 lbs. 
2-659 
6. 
Hollow uniform cylinder. 
•11 
58325 
The remark in Experiment 5 applies 
External diameter from 1 
3-555 
•15 
67733 
also to the weight 114479 with 
eight measurements ... J 
•19 
77141 
which this pillar sank. 
Internal diameter from 1 
2-664 
•23 
86549 
eight measurements .../ 
•31 
95957 
By- computation 
2 722 
•45 
•63 
105365 
Mean internal diameter ... 
2-693 
•80* 
114479 
114479 
2023-3 
2173-9 
Weight of pillar 128 lbs. 7 oz. 
=51-11 tons. 
1 
