888 
ME. HODGKTN'SOJf’S EXPEEDIEXTAL EESEAECHES 
Table VI. (continued). 
No. of Ex- 
periment. 
Description of Pillar, 5 feet 
long nearly, and as above. 
Weights 
laid on. 
Decrement 
of length. 
Deflection 
of middle. 
Breaking weight, or that 
with which the pillar sank. Remarks. 
lbs. 
inch. 
6. 
Blaenavon Iron, No. 3. 
58325 
•14 
Diameter of cmshed end of pillar '63 
From the pillar in Exp. 14, 
67733 
•22 
with weight 30101 lbs., and after ■ 
Table II., same as last. 
72437 
•30 
73378 lbs., or 72342 lbs. fracture -79. 
Length 59'5 inches. 
for a length of 5 feet. Many small cracks in the end. 
Diameter 2-546 inches. 
The strength of the three last' pillars had probably been much increased by the 
flattening at the ends. If the ends of the pillar had been small and not crushed, the 
strength would have been about one-third of that of a pillar of the same diameter and 
length, with its ends turned flat and well-bedded. 
The crushing at the ends was not only shown in the pillar, but in the hard steel 
plates against which it was pressed. The case is analogous to that of a wheel sinking 
into a hard surface upon which it should roll. 
Table VII. — Transverse strength of the lO-feet Pillars, cast 2^ inches diameter, and 
now cut to 5 feet long, laid on supports 4 feet 6 inches asunder, and broken by 
weights laid on in the middle. 
Portland Iron, No. 1. Diameter 2*493 inches. Distance between the supports 4 feet 6 inches. 
First half of bar. 
Second half of bar. 
lbs. 
Breaking weight of first bar 4324 1 , . 
Breaking weight of second bar 4940 J ‘ ’ 
Breaking weight for 10-ft. bar = 2084 
Breaking weight for 7-ft. 6-in. bar = 2779 
Weights laid on. 
Deflections. 
Weights laid on. 
Deflections. 
lbs. 
560 
1120 
1680 
2240 
2800 
3360 
3920 
4324 
broke. 
inch. 
•06 
•145 
•22 
•31 
•40 
•51 
•66 
■ 75 * 
ult. defl. 
lbs. 
560 
1120 
1680 
2240 
2800 
3360 
3920 
4480 
4940 
broke. 
inch. 
•063 
•113 
•215 
•31 
•40 
-50 
•63 
•77 
•87* 
ult. defl. 
Calder Iron, No. 1. Diameter 2*519 inches. Distance between the supports 4 feet 6 inches. 
560 
1120 
1680 
2240 
2800 
3360 
3640 
1 3920 
4324 
broke. 
•05 
•14 
•22 
•30 
•38 
•49 
•55 
•59 
•64* 
ult. defl. 
560 
1120 
1680 
2240 
2800 
3360 
3484 
broke. 
•06 
•14 
•21 
•30 
•395 
•49 
•51* 
ult. defl. 
lbs. 
Breaking weight of first bar 4324 1 
Breaking weight ot second bar 3484 J 
Breaking weight for 10-ft. bar = 1757 
Breaking weight for 7-ft. 6-in. bar = 2342 
Coltness Iron, No. 1. Diameter 2*496 inches. Distance between the supports 4 feet 6 inches. 
1120 
1680 
2240 
2800 
3360 
4044 
broke. 
•18 
•295 
•41 
•56 
•75 
•96* 
ult. defl. 
560 
1120 
1680 
2240 
2800 
3360 
3652 
broke. 
•09 
•19 
•31 
•43 
•59 
•77 
•84* 
ult. defl. 
lbs. 
Breaking weight of first bar 4044 1 
Breaking weight of second bar oooJ J 
Breaking weight for 10-ft. bar = 1732 
Breaking weiglit for 7-ft. 6-in. bar = 2309 
