200 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 
1833, iii. 529, tab. 278 ; id. Synopsis 1839, 236 ; id. Birds Araer. 1842, v. 
275. Macgillivray, Man. Brit. Orn. 1842, ii. 72. Giraud, Birds L. I. 1844, 
241. Dekav, N. Y. F. 1844, 241, tab. 84, fig. 191. Degland, Ornith. Europ. 
1849, ii. 231. Lambeye, Aves Cubae, 1850, 98. 
— Meyer, Brit. Birds, 1857, v. 96. 
Pelidna Schinzii, Bonaparte, Comp. List. 1838, 50 ; id. Cat. Met. 1842, 60. 
Tringa Bonapartei , Schlegel, Rev. Grit. Ois. Eur. 1844, 89. 
Tringa (Actodromas) Bonapartei , Cassin, Gen. Rep. 1858, 722. 
Sp. char. Bill quite stout, moderately long, equal to the head or tarsus, the 
tip somewhat expanded. Grooves on both mandibles long and deep. Feathers 
extending on the lower mandible but little beyond those on the upper. Wings 
long, pointed, first primary decidedly longest ; tertials long, narrow and flowing. 
Tail moderate, quite deeply doubly emarginate, the central feathers somewhat 
pointed and considerably projecting. Tarsus rather longer than the middle toe. 
Toes long, slender and slightly margined. Adult inbreeding plumage. — Crown 
and upper parts generally light brownish ash, each feather with a large field of 
dusky towards its end, and on the crown and middle of the back edged with 
light yellowish red, deepening into bright sienna on the scapulars. Lesser 
wing coverts dark brownish ash, fading into light ashy on the edges, and with 
shaft lines of blackish. Secondaries and greater coverts light greyish ash, 
edged and tipped with white. Tertials very dark brownish ash, fading into 
light ashy on the edges. Primaries deep dusky, their shafts white in the cen- 
tral portions, and the innermost edged with white. Rump brownish black. 
Upper tail coverts white, their outer series with sagittate spots of dusky. Cen- 
tral tail feathers deep brownish black, the rest very light greyish ash, broadly 
edged and tipped with white. Jugulum and breast with a scarcely appreciable 
wash of very light ashy, with very numerous, distinct, linear-oblong streaks of 
dusky brown ; these extend as minute dots nearly or quite to the bill, and as 
narrow shaft lines, along the sides to the vent. Rest of under parts white, im- 
maculate. Lower mandible flesh colored for half its length ; rest of bill, with 
the legs and feet, black. Young in August. — Upper parts a nearly uniform dark 
ash, the black of the adults showing at intervals, but principally on the scapu- 
lars, where also the reddish* margins of the feathers are apparent. Jugulum 
and sides under the wings with an ashy suffusion, more conspicuous than in the 
adult, but much more restricted, and the streaks more obsolete and indistinct. 
Central pair of upper tail coverts usually dusky. Other parts as in the adult. 
Length 7-5, extent 15, wing 4-8 inches. Bill, tarsus and middle toe rather 
less than one inch. 
Habitat. — North America, east of the Rocky Mountains. Europe. 
The preceding diagnosis would characterize the species sufficiently well for 
all ordinary purposes ; but in view of the great confusion which exists among 
authors, most of whom refer it to a very different bird, a somewhat extended 
account of its markings and variations appears necessary, A very perfect male, 
in breeding plumage, from Great Slave Lake, and an immature specimen of the 
same sex, obtained in Labrador during the month of July, are considered as 
respectively representing the adult and young, and taken as standards of com- 
parison. 
Adult. — The bill, which is quite stout, and somewhat, expanded at the tip, 
rather less than an inch in length, and about equal to the head or tarsus. It 
is pretty constant, the difference in length between the longest and shortest 
billed specimens before me not exceeding the tenth of an inch. The lower 
mandible is flesh-colored for nearly half its length. The feathers extend on the 
side of the lower mandible but little if any beyond those on the upper, and their 
encroachment between the rami is not great. There is a white stripe over the 
eye, and a dusky one between the eye and nostrils, but both are very illy de- 
fined. The general color of the upper parts is a light brownish ash ; but on 
the back the feathers have such large blackish central fields, and so conspicu- 
