NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 
377 
tail is very much shorter, with narrower and more acute feathers ; and the toes, 
especially the hinder one, are longer. The differences from the other more or 
less closety allied genera, — Carpodacus , Curvirostra , Carduelis , etc., — are too 
great to require special comparison. 
The following brief schedule will serve to determine the species : — 
Synopsis of Species. 
A. Middle toe and claw equal to the tarsus. Rump streaked with dusky at ail 
ages and seasons. 
I. Bill dusky ; dusky predominating above ; sides very distinctly 
streaked ; wings and tail very narrowly edged with whitish ; 
breast in adult deep carmine. 
1. Bill enormously large, arched, the culmen convex. Lengtlf 
6-00; wing, 3*25; tail, 2-70; bill, 0*41; tarsus, 0.68; middle 
toe alone, 0-41 rostratus. 
2. Similar; smaller; bill less arched ; culmen straight. Length, 
5*25 ; wing, 2-90 ; tail, 2*35 ; bill, 0*35 ; tarsus, 0-58 ; middle 
toe, 0-36 fuscescens. 
II. Bill mostly yellow. Yellowish predominating above; sides con- 
flueutly streaked ; wings and tail broadly margined with whitish ; 
breast in adult bright rosy. 
3. Bill bright yellow, elongated, robust; plumuli short; lores 
and a large gular spot black. Length, 5|- inches (Bp.) Holb. 
4. Smaller; bill exceedingly acute, yellow, culmen and go- 
nys black. Rump white, streaked with dusky. Tail, 2-65 
inches linarius. 
5. Similar, but smaller; tail scarcely 2 inches; rump tinged 
with reddish rufescens. 
B. Middle toe and claw shorter than the tarsus. Rump never streaked in 
adult males. 
III. General colors light. Breast light rosy. 
6. Size of linarius. Feet short and weak. Tarsus 0-55 ; middle 
toe 0*28 ezilipes. 
7. Much larger. Feet long and strong. Tarsus 0 65 ; middle 
toe 0.30 canescens. 
The following table will exhibit the comparative measurements of the species, 
and, to some extent, the amount of variation to which they are subject: — 
Comparative Measurements of Species . 
Name 
Sex. 
Length 
Extent. 
Wing. 
Tail. 
Bill. 
Tarsus. 
Middle 
Toe. 
Its claw. 
A. rostratus 
6*00* 
3*25 
2*70 
0-41 
0*68 
0*41 
0*24 
do 
5*50* 
3-05 
2*55 
0*40 
0*60 
0*38 
0*20 
do. 
, "T” 
5*70* 
3 05 
2*45 
0-41 
0*66 
0-40 
0*26 
A. fuscescens 
5-25 
8*80 
2.85 
2.35 
0*35 
0*58 
0-36 
0*19 
do 
9 
5-20 
8*60 
2*80 
2-35 
0*32 
0*58 
0*36 
0*19 
do 
c? 
530 
9*00 
2-90 
2*35 
0 34 
059 
0*37 
0*22 
A. rufescensf 
4*50 
2*55 
200 
0*29 
0-44 
0*29 
A. linarius 
d 
5*50 
9*00 
3*08 
2-65 
0*34 
0-56 
0*35 
0*22 
do 
c? 
5*40 
8*90 
2-95 
2-55 
0-34 
0-58 
0*35 
023 
do 
? 
5*20 
8*50 
2*80 
2*20 
0 32 
0-57 
0*34 
0*23 
do.(Eur.sp) 
c? 
2-95 
2-35 
0-33 
0-60 
0*37 
0*24 
A. Holbo'llif 
5*25 
2-83 
2-25 
0-37 
0*54 
033 
0*20 
A . c.xilipps 
9.00 
3*00 
2 55 
0*30 
055 
0-28 
0*25 
do 
% 
2*85 
2-50 
0-30 
0-54 
0*29 
0-20 
do 
*r 
3*08 
2-55 
0*34 
0-58 
0*30 
0*25 
A. can.csce.ns 
6*00* 
3*25 
2*75 
0*33 
0-65 
0*28 
0*28 
do 
'6-00* 
3*30 
2-82 
0*34 
0-65 
0*30 
0*28 
* Of skin, t Measurements taken from Bp and Schl. 
1861.] 25 
