NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 
125 
Prodromus Isl. Orn. 1822. Lesson, Traite d’Ornith. 1831. Keyserling 
et Blasius, Wirbelth. Europ. 1840 ; et auctorunr aliorum. 
Megalestris, Bonaparte, Conspectus Avium, 1856, p. 206. Typus Larus catar- 
ractes, Linn. 
1. Buphagus skua Coues ex Briinnich. 
il S %ua Hojeri , Ray, Synopsis Avium, 128.” 
Larus fuscus, Brisson, Ornithologie, vi. 1760, p. 165. “Scopoli, Bemerk. Natur- 
Gesch. 1770, 90.” 
Catharacta skua, Briinnich, Ornithologia Borealis, 1764, 33. No. 125. 
Catarracta skua, Retzius, Fauna Suecica, 1800, 161, No. 123. Bonaparte, 
Cat. Met. Ucc. Europ. 1842, 79. Bonaparte, Rev. Grit. Degland’s 
Ornith. Europ. 1850, 202. 
Catarractes skua, Pallas, Zoographia Rosso-Asise, ii. 1811, 309. Stephens, 
Shaw’s Gen. Zool. 1825, xiii. 215. 
Cataractes skua, Macgillivray, Man. Orn. ii. 1842, 255. 
Catarractes vulgaris, Fleming, (fide Bp.) 
Catarractes fusca , Leach, (fide Bp.) 
Lestris skua, Brehm. (fide Bp.) 
Larus catarractes , Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, i. 1776. Gmelin, Systema Na- 
turae, i. 1788, 603. Latham, Index Ornithologicus, ii. 1790, 818. 
Larus keeask, Latham, Index Ornithologicus, ii, 1790, 818. 
Lestris catarractes, Illiger, Prodromus, 1811, 273. Faber, Prodromus Island. 
Ornith. 1822, 102. Temminek, Manuel d’Ornith. ii. 1820, 792. Tem- 
minck, Manuel d’Ornith. iv. 1840,494. Bonaparte, Synopsis, 1826, No. 
304. Nuttall, Man. Ornith. ii. 1834, 312, Schlegel, Rev. Crit. Ois. Eur. 
1844, 84. 
Lestris caiharact.es, Brehm, Naturg. Europ. Yog. 1823, 739. 
Lestris catharracles, Schinz, Europ. Fauna, 1840, i. 387. 
Lestris catarrhactes, Kaup, Sk. Ent. Europ. Thierw. 1829, 64. Keyserling et 
Blasius, Wirbelth. Europ. 1840, i. 239. 
Stercorarius catarrhactes , Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d’H. N.^817, xxxii. 154. 
Vieillot, Fauna Frang. 1828, 385. Degland, Orn. Europ. 1849, ii. 
289. Gray, Genera Avium, iii. 1849, 652. 
Stercorarius catarractes , Bonaparte, Consp. Avium, 1836, ii. 206. Lawrence, 
General Report Birds N. A. 1858, 838. 
Stercorarius cataractes, Selys-Longfihamps, Fauna Belg. 1842, 155. 
Stercorarius catharractes , Des Murs, Traite d’Ool. Ornith. 1860, 551. 
Stercorarius pomarinus, Vieillot, Galerie d’Ois. ii. 1834, 220 ; sed non Temm. 
nec auctorum ! 
Sp. ch. — Above blackish brown, more or less variegated with chestnut and 
whitish ; each feather being dark-colored, with a spot of chestnut towards its ex- 
tremity, which in turn fades into whitish along the shaft towards the tip of 
each feather. On the latero-nuchal region, and across the throat, the chest- 
nut lightens into a decided reddish yellow, the white being as a well-defined, 
narrow, longitudinal streak on each feather. The crown, po§t-ocular and 
mental region have but little whitish. Interiorly, the plumage is of a blended 
fusco-rufous, lighter than on the dorsum, with a peculiar indefinite plumbeous 
nuance. The wings and tail are blackish ; their rhachides white, except towards 
the apices ; the remiges and rectrices white for some distance from the bases. 
This white on the tail is entirely concealed by the long tail-coverts, but ap- 
pears on the outer primaries as a conspicuous spot. The bill and claws are 
blackish horn ; the feet pure black. 
Bill from base to tip 2-10; to end of cere 1*20; gape 3*00; height at base 
•75 ; width a little less ; rami 1*60 ; gonys *50 ; wing 16 ’00 ; tail 6*00 ; tarsus 
2-70 ; middle toe and claw 3*10. 
1863.] 
