NATURAL HISTORY. 
411 
108. Sitta carolinensis , Gm. — White-belliecl Nuthatch. Besident 
all the year. Very abundant, especially in fall. High, open woods. 
109. Sitta canadensis , Linn. — Bed-bellied Nuthatch. Winter resi- 
dent. Arrives early in October, and remains until May. Bather 
rare. High, open woods, pine forests*. 
110. Polioptila ccerulea. (Linn.,) Sclat. — Blue- Gray Gnatcatcher. 
Summer resident. Arrives early, the first week in April; remains until 
latter part of September. Very abundant. Breeds in high, open 
woods; on its first arrival frequents tall trees on the sides of streams, 
orchards, Ac. 
111. Lophophanes bicolor , (Linn.,) Bon. — Permanent resident, but 
the greater number breed further north. Exceedingly abundant, 
especially in fall. Found in all situations. 
112. Parus atricapillus, Linn. — Black-capped Chick-a-dee. Win- 
ter resident. 
113. Parus carolinensis, Aud. — Carolina Chick-a-dee. Summer 
resident. (Owing to the close resemblance of these two species, we 
have not been able to detect their times of arrival and departure.) 
114. Eremophila cornuta , (Wils.,) Boie. — Sky -lark. Winter resi- 
dent. Arrives November 1; remains until April, 'Abundant. In- 
habits, exclusively , bare level meadows and open commons. Emi- 
nently gregarious while here. 
115. Pinicola canadensis , (Briss.,) Cab. — Pine Grosbeak. An ex- 
ceedingly rare and probably only accidental visitant in severe win- 
ters. 
116. Garpodacus purpureus , (Gm.,) Gray.— Purple Finch. Winter 
resident; veiy abundant; eminently gregarious. Arrives early in 
October, and remains until May. Stragglers are seen through the 
greater part of that month, but the majority depart as soon as the 
leaves are fully expanded.- High, open woods ; feeding chiefly 
(entirely in spring) on tender young buds. Are in full song before 
they take their departure. 
117. Ghrysomitris tristis , (Linn.,) Bon. — Gold Finch. “Briar Bird.” 
Permanent resident. Exceedingly abundant. Breeds in numbers 
throughout the city, building in the crotches of poplars and maples. 
In winter gregarious, collecting in very large flocks about th Ah 
of September, and continuing so until May. Is in dull plumage as 
long as it remains in flocks. 
118. Ghrysomitris pinus, (Wils.,) Bon. — Pine Finch. Winter resi- 
dent; rather uncommon; always found in flocks, frequently associating 
with G. tristis. Bemains until May. 
119. PEgiothus linaria, (Lin.,) Cab. — Common Bed-poll Linnet. 
Bare, perhaps only accidental visitant in severe winters, when it ap- 
pears in restless flocks of greater or less extent. 
[The two species of Cross-bills — Gurvirostra americana and 
leucoptera — undoubtedly sometimes make their appearance in severe 
winters, though we have not been able to ascertain the fact with 
certainty.] 
120. Plectrophanes nivalis , Meyer.— Snow Bunting. Bare visitant 
in the depth of winter. 
[P. lapponicus may very possibly visit us occasionally.] 
