414 
NATURAL HISTORY. 
Zizania aqnatica and the neighboring cornfields the first week in Aiu 
gust. Arrive in small flocks early in March. 
143. Sturnella magna , (Linn.,) Sw. — Meadow Lark. Field Lark. 
Resident all the year. Abundant. Collect in flocks, sometimes of 
great extent, and then are very shy. Old fields, meadows, &c. 
144. Icterus baltimore, (Linn.,) Daudin. — Baltimore Oriole. Chiefly 
spring and autumn visitant, though many breed. Arrives the first 
week in May, and remains until latter part of September. Orchards; 
high, open woods. 
145. Icterus spur ius, (Linn.,) Bon. — Orchard Oriole. Summer resi- 
dent. Not uncommon. Arrives first week in May; remains till 
latter part of September. Orchards, meadows, and high, open woods. 
146. Bcolecophagus ferrugineus, (Gm. , ) Sw. — Rusty Grackle. 1 ‘ Black 
Bird.” Winter resident. Abundant. Strictly gregarious. Arrives 
third week in October; remains imtil April. Swampy localities; 
also ploughed fields, &c. 
147. Quiscdlus versicolor, (Linn.,) Vieill. — Purple Grackle. “Crow 
Black Bird.” Summer resident. Abundant, but. more particularly 
so in spring and fall. Arrives about March 15; departs late in Oc- 
tober. 
148. Gorvus americanus , Aud.- — Common Crow. Resident all the 
year. Very abundant. Found everywhere. Gregarious in winter. 
Less abundant during the breeding season. 
149. Gorvus ossifragus , Wils. — Fish Crow. Resident all the year. 
Abundant. Less wary and suspicious than the preceding, and more 
confined to the borders of the rivers. Confounded with the preced- 
ing generally. 
150. Gyanura cristata, (Linn.,) Sw. — Blue Jay. “Jay Bird.” 
Resident all the year. Abundant, especially in fall and winter, when 
it is partially gregarious. Found everywhere. 
151. Ectopistes migratoria, (Linn.,) Sw. — Wild Pigeon. Make 
their appearance in flocks at irregular intervals throughout the fall, 
winter, and early spring months. 
152. Zenaidura carolinensis , (Linn.,) Bon. — Carolina Turtle Dove. 
“Dove.” Permanent resident. Not very abundant. Sometimes 
collect in large flocks in the fall, when they frequent cornfields, &c. 
153. Ghamcepelia passerina, (Linn.,) Sw. — Ground Dove. An en- 
tirely accidental visitor from the south. — (One specimen obtained, 
now in museum S. I.) 
154. Meteagris gallopavo , Linn. — Wild Turkey. Regularly seen in 
the markets all through the winter, though not often found in the 
immediate vicinity of the city. Remains all the year in the neigh- 
boring districts. 
155. Bonasa umbellus, (Linn. ,) Stephens. Ruffed Grouse. “Pheas- 
ant.” Resident all the year. Apparently not uncommon, but fre- 
quent mostly impenetrable laurel brakes, &c., and are difficult to 
procure. 
156. Ortyx virginianus, (Linn. , ) Bon. — American Partridge. 4 ‘Par- 
tridge.” Resident all the year. Still abundant in the immediate 
vicinity of the city during the late fall and winter months. 
