38 
THE LOWEE LIAS OP KEYNSHAM. 
The uppermost beds shown in the section are a thin series 
of limestones much broken up by the downgrowth of roots. 
These beds contain Gyphea arcuata, RJi. calcicosta and 
Spiriferina pinguis and can be placed, with certainty, in 
the Calcicosta series (upper Angulatus zone) ; that they 
belong to the lowest portion of that series is shown by the 
presence of Lima liettangiensis and Pleuromya. 
V. Exposure near Redland. 
This exposure does not lie within the Keynsham area and 
should, justly, have no place in a description of that district ; 
it shows, however, so marked a similarity to the section at 
Kelston Station that its description cannot be considered 
entirely out of place here (compare also a detailed description 
of the very similar Lower Lias beds at Stoke Gifford^). 
A general description of the Lower Lias beds in this 
exposure, as well as a detailed account of the Rhetic series 
below, has already been published by Mr. W. H. Wickes.^ 
The following section and account is compiled from the 
results of a very exhaustive examination of the section made 
by one of us (A.V.). 
The White Lias beds are here thin and rubbly. 
The Sun Bed is very fossiliferous, though the specimens 
are badly preserved. As already pointed out, there is a 
striking resemblance between the fossils found in this bed 
and in the beds immediately above. 
The upper Ostrea beds (sub-ammonite beds) are extremely - 
fossiliferous ; Ostrea liassica, Pleuromya crowcomheia and 
Modiola minima occur in profusion. Pholadomya glabra 
abounds in certain beds, and good specimens can be easily 
extracted. A mutation of Cardium rheticum^ very distinct 
from the usual form found in the Rhetic beds below, occurs 
commonly, both in the Sun Bed and in the upper Ostrea beds. 
^ Loc. cit. 
2 Bristol Nat. Soc,, vol. ix., 1899. 
