i;5 
district of Richmond, in Shropshire, and Leicestershire, and in 
almost the whole of the northern quarter of the island, the coal 
approaches in its appearance very nearly to bitumen which has 
merely suffered induration. 
In Lancashire, near to Pendle Hill, is obtained a species of the 
Cannel coal. In Durham the coal is so near to the surface of the 
earth, that the wheels of the carriages lay it open to day, in such a 
quantity, as to be sufficient for the use of the neighbourhood, and to 
become a valuable branch of income. 
At Widrington, near Berwick, bordering upon Scotland, is a coal 
pit, the strata of which, according to Mr. Stracy, are thus disposed : 
A bed of clay, of four yards in depth, is first dug through, when a 
seam of coal is found about six inches in thickness. The next two 
fathom are filled by strata of free-stone, whin-stone, and potters’ 
earth ; then appears a stratum of soft white stone, and then coal for 
about three feet and nine inches in thickness*. 
At Auchenclaugh, six miles to the east of Kylsyth, there is a coal 
mine eighteen feet in thickness. 
At Mall-traeth Marsh, about the midway between the sea and the 
farthest inland points of the marsh, they find, whilst digging for coals, 
a perfect sea shore, with all the marks of it, as pebbles, shells, &c. 
under five or six yards of pure sandf . 
In Scotland, where the coal exists very plentifully, it is in general 
of an exceeding good quality, being, like the Cannel coal of Lan- 
cashire, almost purely bituminous. 
Jn a quarry about a quarter of a mile above Roslin, and also near 
Auchindinny, upon the north side of the river, is a regular, conti- 
nuous seam of coal, only about an inch, or an inch and a half thick, 
with very strong thick beds of post stone above ; and there are also 
several thick seams of coal, both above and below this thin one. 
* Philos. Transact. 1725. f Rowland’s Mon® Antiqua, p. 16. 
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