232 
The three specimens of encrinital remains, still adherent to their 
chalky matrix, Plate XIII. Fig. 31, 38, 39, decidedly belong to a 
species entirely different, especially in its mode of ramification, from 
any which have been hitherto noticed. 
The curious mode in which the ossiculae are articulated in these 
specimens is particularly deserving to be remarked ; it is therefore 
carefully made out in the specimen. Fig. 31, where the form of the 
arms seems to warrant the appropriating to this species of encrinite, 
the appellation of the Stag’s-horn Encrinite. 
The calcareous fossil, Plate XIII. Fig. 77, with an extended flat 
base, gradually assumes a columnar form, and terminates upwards in 
a small round crenulated surface, pierced with a hole which passes 
through the substance of the fossil. There can be little doubt, that 
this fossil has been the organ of attachment of some minute animal 
of the genus encrinus. This is confirmed by the appearance of its 
under part, which shows no fitness for motion, but appears to have been 
well formed for securing its adherence to any other substance. 
The probability of this conjecture being correct is increased by the 
appearances yielded by the next fossil, Plate XIII. Fig. 78, which is 
a small, long, slender, trochital vertebi'a, agreeing so nearly in its size, 
colour, and articulating surface with the preceding fossil, as to give 
strong reason for supposing that a series of these formed the vertebral 
column to which it served as pedicle. 
The fossil represented, Plate XIII. Fig. 79, has been long noticed 
by oryctologists for its close resemblance in form to a clove ; from 
which circumstance it derived the name Caryophillus lapideus, which 
is in general applied to it. Various have been the opinions enter- 
tained respecting it, some having believed it to be actually a petrified 
clove ; others, that it was part of the spine of an echinus of a particular 
form. Lhwydd seems to have been the first who entertained a ra- 
tional opinion respecting its origin. Referring to a specimen which he 
had received from Germany, and to the only specimen which he had 
