46 
the leaves. There is a Poplar with pale nearly white bark which re- 
sembles the Lombardy Poplar in habit and foliage and which has been 
called Populus thevestina. It occurs in Servia, the Crimea and Algeria. 
The young plants in the Arboretum are hardy and are growing well. 
One of the narrowest and most remarkable of all these trees is the 
fastigiate form of the Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum, var. monumen- 
tale, which was found in 1885 in a cemetery in Newton, Massachu- 
setts. There is a good specimen of this interesting tree established 
in the Maple Collection. It may prove valuable for planting by the 
sides of narrow roads. There is a form of the Red Maple ( Acer 
rubrum, var. columnare ) in the collection. This is rather broader 
than the fastigiate Sugar Maple but is a good addition to the list of 
these plants. The graft from which the Arboretum specimen was 
raised was obtained in 1889 from the Parsons Nursery on Long Island. 
Beyond this nothing is known of the origin of this tree. There is also 
a pyramidal form of the Silver Maple ( Acer saccharinum var. pyra- 
midale). This originated in a European nursery and there are only 
small specimens in the Arboretum. The only Old World Maple which 
has produced one of these sports is the Norway Maple ( Acer plata- 
noides, var. columnare ). This tree is established in the Arboretum 
collection and is a broader tree than the American fastigiate Maples. 
The fastigiate Tulip tree ( Liriodendron Tulipifera, var. pyramidale) is 
one of the handsomest of these trees; it originated in the nursery of 
Simon Louis near Metz in Alsace and has been growing in the Arbor- 
etum since 1888. There is a good specimen with the other Tulip-trees 
on the right-hand side of the Meadow Road. The Linden genus ap- 
pears to have produced but one of these trees, the var. pyramidalis 
of the European Tilia platyphyllos. This tree tapers from a broad 
base to a pointed apex and is pyramidal rather than fastigiate in out- 
line. The fastigiate form of one of the Oaks of western Europe 
(Quercus pedunculata, var. fastigiata) sometimes grow’s in Europe to 
a large size; it is hardy in this country and grows rapidly, but, like 
the other European Oaks, it is short-lived here and rarely lives more 
than thirty or forty years. One of the most interesting of all the 
fastigiate trees is a European Beech growing at Dawyck, Mr. F. R. S. 
Balfour’s estate in Peebleshire, Scotland. It is a tall and evidently 
an old tree to which the name of Fagus sylvatica, var. Dawychi has 
been given. This tree has recently been propagated by nurserymen 
and there is a small plant in the Arboretum with the other Beeches 
near the South Street entrance. There are two fastigiate forms of 
the European Hornbeam in the Arboretum collection ( Carpinus Betu- 
lus, var. pyramidalis and var. globosa). The first is pyramidal rather 
than fastigiate, and the second, in spite of its name, is a dwarf, very 
compact, fastigiate plant. They are in the Hornbeam Collection on 
the right-hand side of the Meadow Road opposite the Oaks. There is 
only one fastigiate Birch, the var. fastigiata of the European Betala 
pendula or verrucosa. This is distinctly fastigiate in habit, with a nar- 
row head of erect branches. A specimen of this tree may be seen on 
the Bussey Hill Road with the other Birches. One of the narrowest 
of all these trees is the fastigiate form of the Scotch Elm (Ulmus 
glabra, var. fastigiata) which is sometimes called in England the Exe- 
