32 DR. FARADAY’S EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES IN ELECTRICITY. (SERIES XXVIII.) 
the wire from h to c lias intersected once, all the lines of force emanating from the 
N end of the magnet. In other words, whatever course the wire may take from h to 
c, the whole system of lines belonging to the magnet has been once crossed by the 
wire. In order to have a correct notion of the relation of the result, we will suppose 
a person standing at the handle E, fig. 1 (3084.), and looking along the magnets, the 
magnets being fixed, and the wire loop from 6 to c turned over toward the left-hand 
into a horizontal plane ; then, if that loop be moved over towards the right-hand, the 
magnet remaining stationary, it will be equivalent to a direct revolution (according 
to the hands of a watch or clock) of 180°, and will produce a feeble current in a given 
direction at the galvanometer. If it be carried back 180° in the reverse direction, it 
will produce a corresponding current in the reverse direction to the former. If the 
wire be held in a vertical, or any other plane, so that it may be considered as fixed, 
and the magnet be rotated through half a revolution, it will also produce a current; 
and if rotated in the contrary direction, will produce a contrary current; but as to 
the direction of the currents, that produced by the direct revolution of the wire is the 
same as that produced by the reverse revolution of the magnet ; and that produced 
by the reverse revolution of the wire is the same as that produced by the direct 
revolution of the magnet. A more precise reference of the direction of the current 
to the particular pole employed, and the direction of the revolution of the wire or 
magnet, is not at present necessary ; but if required is obtained at once by reference 
to fig. 3 (3088.), or to the general law (114. 3079. note). 
3092. The magnet and loop being rotated together in either direction, no trace of 
an electric current was produced. In this case the effect, if any, could be greatly 
exalted, because the rotation could be continued for 10, 20, or any number of revolu- 
tions M’ithout derangement, and it was easy to make thirty revolutions or more 
within the time of the swing of the galvanometer needle in one direction. It was 
also easy, if any effect were produced, to accumulate it upon the galvanometer by 
reversing the rotation at the due time. But no amount of revolution of the magnet 
and wire together could produce any effect. 
3093. The loop was then taken out of the axis of the magnet, but attached to it 
by a piece of pasteboard, so that all should be fixed together Fig- 5. 
and revolve with the same angular velocity, fig. 5 ; but what- 
ever the shajDe or disposition of the loop, whether large or 
small, near or distant, open or shut, in one plane, or contorted 
into various planes ; whatever the shape or condition, or place, 
provided it moved altogether with the magnet, no current was produced. 
3094. Furthermore, when the loop was out of the magnets, and by expedients of 
arrangement, was retained immoveable, whilst the magnet revolved, no amount of 
rotation of the magnet (unaccompanied by translation of place) produced any degree 
of current through the loop. 
3095. The loop of wire was then made of two parts; the portion c, fig. 6, on the 
