THE BIRDS OF AUSTRALIA. 
tail-coverts cinnamon-rufous ; thighs grey ; axillaries and under wing-coverts 
isabelline-buff ; under-surface of flight-quills hair-brown with greyish- white inner 
edges ; lower aspect of tail greyish-brown with a very slight yellowish tinge. 
Collected at Herbert Yale, North Queensland, in October 1882. 
Immature (younger than above). Upper-surface rufous-brown becoming paler and inclining 
to cinnamon-rufous on the under-surface ; bastard-wing and primary-coverts 
dark brown edged with rufous-brown ; primary and secondary-quills dark brown 
with pale edges to the outer primaries and rufous-brown on the outer webs of the 
inner secondaries. Collected at Gembrook, Victoria, on the 9th of November, 1907. 
Juvenile (just left the nest). General colour both above and below cinnamon-rufous 
including the top of the head, back, wings, sides of face, throat, breast, abdomen, 
and under tail-coverts ; bastard-wing, greater coverts, primary-coverts, and flight- 
quills blackish margined with cinnamon on the greater coverts and inner secondary- 
quills, outer edges of bastard- wing, primary-coverts, and primary- quills grey inclining 
to white on the last, inner edges of flight-quills white ; tail-feathers hair-brown ; 
under-surface paler than the back and the feathers downy in texture, the base of the 
feathers white which shows through on the abdomen and under tail-coverts ; outer 
margin of wing below grey ; inner edges of quills below cream-white ; under-surface 
of flight-quills and lower aspect of tail greyish-brown. Eyes light brown ; feet 
fleshy ; bill horn. Collected at Olinda, Victoria, on the 1st of December, 1912. 
Nestling (about ten days old). Top of the head, back, and wings dark cinnamon; bastard- 
wing, greater coverts, primary-coverts and flight-quills blackish margined with 
cinnamon except on the primary- quills ; tail-feathers undeveloped ; fore-head, sides 
of face, and throat have the feathers still in sheath ; breast, abdomen, and under 
tail-coverts also cinnamon but much paler than the upper-surface ; outer margin 
of wing below greyish ; under-surface of flight-quills below dusky-brown. Eyes 
bluish ; feet fleshy-slate ; bill horny-brown. Collected at Selby, Victoria, on the 
31st of December, 1912. 
Nest. A cup-shaped one, formed of fine rootlets and lined with finer material. Outside 
measurements 4| to 5 inches wide by about 3 deep. Inside 2| inches by If deep. 
Usually placed in a three-pronged branch. 
Eggs. Clutch, two to three. Ground-colour stone, speckled, but forming a zone at the 
larger end, with umber-brown. 22 to 24 mm. by 16-17. Tasmanian eggs seem 
larger. 
Breeding-season. August to December. 
Watling, upon whose drawings this species was founded by Latham, wrote : 
“ Natural size. The yellow is much brighter then the bird supposed to be a 
female of No. 1 (also a painting of this species), and a very rare bird, never seen 
before in the cold or winter months.” This was altered by Latham into “ not 
unfrequently seen at Port Jackson in the winter months.” Vigors and Horsfield 
quote : “ This species, 4 Mr. Caley says,’ is called Thunder bird by the colonists. 
I have not often met with it, at least in perfect plumage. It frequents the 
green wattle trees in Paramatta. The natives tell me that when it begins to 
thunder this bird is very noisy.” 
Gould’s notes refer to the Tasmanian form : “ The P. glaucura frequents 
the vast forests of Eucalypti that cover the greater part of Tasmania, and 
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