140 
DH. J. P. JOULE ON THE SURFACE-CONDENSATION OF STEAM. 
Table I. 
i 1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
7 . 
1 
1 
Description. 
No. 
Dura- 
tion of 
experi- 
ment, in 
minutes. 
Total 
pressure of 
steam in the 
boiler, in 
inches of 
mercury. 
Head of 
refri- 
gerating 
water 
above its 
overflow, 
in inches. 
Mean temperature of 
refrigerating water. 
At its 
entrance 
(0- 
: At its exit. 
Copper steam-tube, s, 4 feet long, exterior diameter -75 inch, interior -03 inch, 
mean area a = ‘7225 sq. ft. 
Outer tube C 1-4 inch in diameter. 
Eefrigerating water moving in a direction contrary to that of the steam. 
In the experiments 10-16 the receiver was in communication with the atmo- 
sphere. 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
60 
60 
30 
30 
45 
37 
50 
60 
52 
60 
30 
30 
20 
30 
20 
m 
48-2 
41-88 
46-23 
48-36 
91-47 
120-14 
114-27 
39-29 
35-68 
51-98 
45-22 
48-02 
50-31 
54-4 
45-6 
50-9 
0-2 
- 0-1 
1-13 
1-2 
0-47 
0-66 
0-51 
0-47 
0-54 
0-12 
0-12 
0-48 
0- 97 
- 0-1 
1- 35 
1-04 
5-18 
5-18 
5-15 
4-96 
4-78 
4-81 
4-93 
4-67 
4-7 
4 - 94 
5 - 17 
5-12 
5-39 
5-37 
5-12 
5-37 
20-21 
40-38 
19-21 
17-63 
16-13 
19-19 : 
15-23 j 
13 - 62 I 
14- 17 i 
11-58 
31-6 
22 02 
22-21 
48-35 
26-1 
29-62 
The same copper steam-tube. 
The outer tube '87 inch in interior diameter. 
Experiments No. 30. 31, 32, and 33 were made when the 
steam-tube had been recently cleaned by dilute sulphuric acid. 
i 
Refrigerating 
water moving 
in a direction 
contrary to that 
of the steam. 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
60 
60 
120 
120 
50 
60 
44 
19 
555 
261 
27 
20 
435 
24 
181 
30 
30 
44- 91 
48-8 
47- 77 
45- 27 
48- 71 
48- 61 
45- 25 
47-1 
40-78 
49- 86 
46- 68 
51- 5 
46-27 
53-13 
52- 09 
52- 09 
53- 81 
4-37 
— 1-4 
— 0-13 
0*6 
- 0-49 
1-19 
6-45 
14-07 
0-08 
14-73 
21-45 
23-29 
- 0-63 
12-9 
20-12 
14-15 
11-48 
6-57 
6-22 
C-62 
6-86 
6-36 
6-42 
6-24 
6-04 
6-2 
5-36 
5-22 
5-22 
5-22 
8-5 
8-4 
8-46 
8-44 
16‘5 
81-08 
50-51 
25- 61 
88-08 j 
52- 07 
27-32 
34-48 1 
16-7 
26 - 94 1 
22-67 ; 
26-75 1 
53- 73 ' 
32-135 1 
30-014 ! 
13-518 ! 
20-66 
Refrigerating 
water moving 
in the same 
direction as 
the steam. 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
30 
15 
12 
Hi 
10 
48- 99 
46-51 
46-51 
49- 07 
48-09 
48 
48 
48 
48 
48 
8-655 
8-62 
8-62 
8-63 
8-64 
22-55 [ 
22 - 95.5 ■ 
27-7S i 
29-739 1 
29-817 ! 
The same copper steam-tube. 
The outer tube 0'8 inch in internal diameter. 
Experiments 53-61 inclusive, were made when the steam- 
tube had been recently cleaned with dilute sulphuric acid, 
i 
Refrigerating 
water moving 
in a direction 
contrary to that 
of the steam. 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
60 
60 
60 
57 
60 
120 
60 
60 
60 
23 
17 
15 
14 
30 
60 
30 
43-81 
41- 32 
42- 77 
43- 05 
45-78 
44- 75 
45- 33 
45-06 
47- 16 
50- 72 
48- 52 
51- 97 
51-67 
53-76 
62 4 
55-06 
12-8 
- 0-1 
37-16 
35-61 
18-33 
0-5 
9-92 
28-58 
210 2 
232 
206-3 
211-7 
237-2 
292-06 
28-74 
28-6 
6 - 73 
7- 27 
7-13 
6-87 
6-95 
6-95 
6-61 
6-67 
6-51 
6-47 
6- 84 
6-82 
6-82 
6-82 
7- 09 
6-7 
38-69 j 
89-146 ! 
22-852 
47-62 i 
56-784 i 
54-01 ; 
35- 29 
18-353 
14-317 
36 - 732 
45-282 
47-496 
47-371 
24- 312 
25- 343 
41-49 
