142 
DE. J. P. JOULE ON THE SUEEACE- CONDENSATION OF STEA3I. 
Table I. (continued). 
1. 
2 . 
3. 
4, 1 5. 
6. 
7. 
Description. 
No. 
1 
Dura- 
tion of 
experi- 
nent, in 
minutes. 
Total 
pressure 
jf steam in 
the boiler, 
in inches 
jf mercury. 
Head of 
refri- 
gerating 
water 
above its 
overflow, 
in inches. 
Mean temperature of 
refrigerating water. 
At its 
enti-ance 
(0- 
I 
1 
At its exit. 
Experiments 62, 63, and 64 were made with the steam-tube greasy by rubbing 
it with oil. 
Eefrigerating water moTing in a direction contrary to that of the steam. 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
30 
15 
30 
30 
20 
134 
10 
20 
15 
10 
53-47 
49-16 
51-97 
57- 88 
58- 82 
60-36 
58-41 
50’03 
49-62 
47-65 
26-66 
34-66 
231-4 
211-3 
233 
235-9 
223-5 
211 
193-5 
216 
6-88 
6-88 
6-82 
6-82 
6-82 
6-82 
6-82 
6-073 
6-073 
6-075 
J 
c 1 
63-893 } 
84-222 
13-54 
20-574 1 
31-987 1 
48-266 1 
51-442 
16-563 
34-808 
51-417 
The same tubes. 
The steam-tube fresh cleaned. 
Eefrigerating water going in the same direction as the steam. 
65 
66 
67 
60 
30 
15 
50- 89 
51- 84 
49-49 
48 
48 
48 
6-97 
6-97 
6-97 
26-808 j 
47*73 1 
71*317 j 
Lead steam-tube 4 feet long, exterior diameter 0'77 inch, interior 0'52 inch, 
mean area a =0-6503 sq. ft. 
The outer tube 0-87 inch internal diameter. 
Eefrigerating water mowing in a direction contrary to that of the steam. 
In experiments 81, 82, and 83 the receiver was in communication with the 
atmosphere. 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
30 
30 
20 
30 
30 
20 
30 
30 
30 
20 
m 
30 
60 
30 
30 
30 
43- 24 
41- 73 
42- 18 
36- 5 
37- 08 
36- 7 
35- 17 
38- 08 
44- 12 
42-34 
38-29 
37- 1 
36- 7 
35-77 
34- 8 
35- 04 
1-57 
4-96' 
13-35 
1-47 
13-3 
25- 4 
1-24 
26- 5 
29 
30 
7-4 
0- 63 
1- 0 
13-4 
18-7 
1-3 
9-4 
9*14 
9-14 
7-34 
7-3 
7-3 
7-28 
7-24 
6-44 
6-26 
6-2 
6-22 
5-0 
5-8 
3-32 
5-0 
67*44 ! 
60-235 j 
41-71 i 
70-65 j 
28-73 1 
30-75 j 
79*66 j 
10- 305 1 
11- 1 
26-1 1 
57-67 ; 
89*19 1 
60-7 
15-14 
13-46 
90-68 
1 
Iron steam-tube 4 feet long, exterior diameter 0-74 inch, interior diameter 
0-602 inch, mean area a =0-7026 sq. ft. Outer tube 0-87 inch internal dia- 
meter. Eefrigerating water moving contrary to the direction of the steam. 
84 
85 
15 
20 
43-5 
45-5 
14-8 
11-0 
13-54 
13-34 
38-85 1 
42-3 i 
Copper steam-tube 4 feet long, 
area -7225 sq. ft. 
Outer tube 0-87 inch interior dia- 
meter. 
A taper glass rod was placed in 
the axis of the steam-tube ; its length 
was -to inches, diameter at thick end 
•55 inch, at tliin end -3 inch. 
The tapered glass rod -with its tliin end 
uppermost. 
Eefrigerating water moving in the same 
direction as the steam. 
86 
87 
88 
89 
15 
15 
9i 
10 
62-71 
57- 39 
58- 91 
56-43 
48 
48 
48 
48 
8-52 
8-52 
8-47 
8-42 
28-313 
22-157 
34-233 
28-909 j 
The tapered glass rod with its thin end 
uppermost. 
Eefrigerating water moving in a direc- 
tion contrary to that of the steam. 
90 
91 
92 
93 
20 
15 
15 
10 
48-6 
62-85 
52-15 
52-61 
10-8 
30-25 
27-66 
32-5 
8-08 
8-02 
8-02 
7-93 
21-82 
17*96 1 
27*832 ! 
32-999 j 
The tapered glass rod -with its thick end 
uppermost. 
Eefi’igerating water mo-ving in a direc- 
tion contrary to that of the steam. 
94 
95 
96 
15 
15 
11 
48- 25 
49- 12 
48-6 
32-0 
25-66 
25-0 
7-67 
7-67 
7-54 
19-308 ! 
13*325 
37*32 j 
Copper steam-tube 4 ft. long, area -7225 sq. ft. A spiral consisting of 30 turns 
of copper -wire ^th of an inch diameter was wound round it. Half of the spiral 
was right-handed, the other half left-handed. Outer tube 1-4 inch diameter. 
Eefrigerating water moving in a direction contrary to that of the steam. 
97 
98 
99 
30 
20 
15 
53-86 
60-27 
58-64 
1-5 
1-0 
3-0 
16-875 
16-65 
16-425 
29-501 1 
40*625 i 
43-99 
Copper steam-tube 4 feet long, area -7225 sq. ft. 
Outer tube 1 -4 inch diameter. 
Spiral of 45 turns of copper wire -21 inch thick between the tubes. 
Eefrigerating water moving contrary to the direction of the steam. 
100 
101 
102 
103 
30 
30 
20 
14 
47-42 
61-8 
59-45 
55-96 
1- 95 
2- 06 
1-43 
4-7 
15-547 
15-66 
15-547 
15-48 
25-0 j 
32-456 I 
44-634 i 
45*034 j 
