560 
ME. J. B. LAWES, DE. GILBEET, AND DE. PUGH ON 
lopment of the rudimentary head; a definite rachis formed, with joints and rudimen- 
tary husks, but no indication of seed. 
October 25. — Plants taken itp : — 
Soil quite wet, loose, and open, to the bottom ; roots pass through the pot at nearly 
all the bottom holes, and at some of the side ones ; long roots distributed among the 
flints; very few roots come to the sides of the pot (see Plate XV. fig. 17). 
Plant 1. Dead ripe, 7 inches high, seven long leaves, one dead shoot; roots long, 
apparently going to the bottom, very little distributed. 
Plant 2. Seven inches high ; two stems ; one with six leaves, dead ripe ; the other with 
three leaves, one still slightly green ; no nodes visible ; each, a moderate amount of root. 
Plant 3. Eight inches high ; ten leaves, lower long and dead, two upper green ; no 
nodes visible. Many roots at the base, some extending downwards. Boots of this and 
all the plants have short forked branches, to ^ inch long, blunt and thick, and gene- 
rally forked at the end ; strikingly different from the roots among the loose flints at 
the bottom, and those under the pot. 
Plant 4. Height 10^ inches; thirteen leaves; six visible nodes; slight swelling at the 
head. Fewer roots branched and distributed in the soil near the base of the stem ; most 
go to the bottom, or even under the pot, thus taking nutriment from the water in the 
dish rather than from the soil ; — perhaps associated with this the superior growth over 
plants 1, 2, and 3. 
Plant 5. Very similar to No. 4. 
Plant 6. Very similar to Nos. 4 and 5; but the head rather more developed, and 
■visible through the transparent sheath, and the roots with rather more the character of 
pot or soil roots. 
Plant 7. Eleven inches high ; twelve leaves ; five nodes visible ; head with chaff ■with- 
out grain, and beard f inch long ; rachis 1 inch long. Roots but little branched, going 
down and developed more at the bottom and in the dish than in the soil. 
Plant 8. The largest and most developed plant. Fourteen inches high ; twelve leaves ; 
lo'wer ones long and crowded, upper ones shorter and further apart (as in all); four nodes; 
head with rachis 1^ inch long, with glumes and pales. Roots very similar to No. 7, 
forming under the pot a thick matted mass, running round the dish, some of which, when 
untangled, are 3 to 4 feet long ; white, transparent, and with many small thread-like 
branches ; the whole somewhat resembling a mass of white thread. 
Preparation and analysis as described at pp. 543, 544. 
No. 2. — Barley (1858); eight seeds; prepared soil; without nitrogenous manure. 
(See Plate XV. fig. 5.) 
April 27. — Seeds set, and the pot placed under a shade over sulphuric acid. 
May 7. — Pot removed to its shade on the stand. 
May 20. — Five plants 4 inches high, and one 1 inch. Were at first quite green and 
healthy, but the last few days turning yellowish green. 
