OF UEFA AOT) UEINAET WATER 
749 
1. The salt was reduced firom the indefinite quantity of about 1 oz. daily to f oz. 
daily (besides that contained in the bread and gruel), on the sixth day. 
2. From the tenth to the thirteenth day no salt was allowed, except that contained 
in the bread and gruel. 
3. From the thirteenth to the sixteenth day extra fat was given. 
4. From the sixteenth to the nineteenth day tea was given. 
5. From the nineteenth to the twenty-second day cofiee was given. 
6. From the twenty-second to the twenty-fifth day alcohol was given. 
During the whole period the men were under the immediate observation of Mr. Lam- 
beet, who most carefully noted the prescribed period for the collection of the urine, 
the weight of the faeces, the weight of the food, the due admixture of the ingredients 
in the gruel, the weight of the fat and the lean meat, and the weight of the men, and 
ascertained that all the food was eaten; and as the men entered willingly into the 
inqiury (for a trifling pecuniary advantage), I feel assm’ed that the most trustworthy 
results have been obtaiued. 
Mr. Maxxixg most kindly undertook the laborious analyses of the food, urine, and 
fseces, so far as relates to the nitrogen and the mineral matter ; and to him I am greatly 
indebted. An admixtm'e was made of the whole urine passed in the twenty-four hours, 
and also of the fseces, by all the men ; and from these two quantities samples were taken 
for analysis. Five ounces of the fseces were evaporated to dryness in a water-bath, and 
the nitrogen was determined in one-third of the dry matter, and the ash from 300 grains 
of the dry matter. 
This series of experiments has therefore given the arnouirt of irrea, chloride of sodium, 
and urinary water, the weight and the chemical composition of the fseces, the nature 
and amount of the ingesta, aird the total nitrogen arrd ash in the hrgesta and egesta, and 
the relation of each to the other and to well-defined labour and rest. The whole 
number of analyses of urea was 248, and a similar number represerrts the inquiries into 
the chloride of sodium and urirrary water. 
The method of analysis of mea and chloride of sodium was that recommended by 
Liebig. The chloride of sodium was rrot removed, but its amount was determiired and 
duly allowed for in estimating the urea. The measures employed were decimal parts 
of the fluid ounce, and the quantities recorded are those of fluid ouirces. The solution 
of protonitrate of mercury was made and graduated by myself in orre large quantity of 
10 gallons, and was continuously used in all the experiments made since April 13, 1860 ; 
but I am indebted to Mr. Dugald Campbell for the solution used at an earlier period, 
and for many other acts of kindness. All the analyses of urea and chloride of sodium 
were made by myself. The tubes and pipettes employed were rigorously graduated by 
the balance ; and as every efibrt was made to proceed in a most urriform and accurate 
manner, and the practice has been very extended, I trust that the errors attending so 
large an inquiry have been reduced to a minimum. 
[In .June 1861 another set of this series of inquiries was prosecuted, similar to those 
already detailed at Coldbath Fields Prison. They were made corrjoiirtly with Mr. W. E. 
Milner, Surgeon to the Wakefield Gaol, and upon the prisoners entrusted to his care. 
5 I 2 
