OF UEEA AN^D TJEINAET WATEE. 
787 
occasions on which the midnight rate was great, fluid food was taken between 10 and 
11 o’clock, the two former with wine, at evening parties, and the latter with coflee only. 
On referring to the hourly excretion of urine, as shown in Table XIII. (Plate 
XXXI Y.), we find that the rate increased after the breakfast until 1 A.M., when a maxi- 
mum of eleven times the basis quantity was emitted. It then fell, and remained low until 
8 p.m., when it rose to a second maximum at 9 or 10 o’clock, and thenceforward fell to 
the night rate. The morning maximum was nearly four times as great as the evening 
one. The morning emission did not increase in equal proportions during each hour 
until the maximum was attained, but, after slowly rising, it suddenly ascended to the 
maximum in one hour, and as suddenly fell at the next hour. I had frequently noticed 
this occurrence throughout the year ; and it was usually found in about four hours after 
the breakfast meal. On March 2, 1861, there were two maxima in the morning, sepa- 
rated by a decrease at 12 o’clock, the former being at the rate of 7 ‘5, and the latter of 
11 T fluid ounces per hour. 
There was a general correspondence between the rate of emission of urea and urine, 
but not such a one that the proportionate rate of the two remained the same at each 
hour, as is shown in the following Table. 
Table XYII. — ShoAving the number of grains of Urea in each fluid ounce of urine at 
each hour of the day, on the average of two days. 
A.M. 
P.M. 
Night. 
Brea 
ifast. 
Dinner. Tea. Supper. 
9 
10 
11 
12 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
prs. 
10 
grs. 
6 
grs. 
4-3 
grs. 
6-3 
grs. 
2-88 
grs. 
4-8 
grs. 
7-8 
grs. 
10-3 
grs. 
10-8 
grs. 
12 
grs. 
15 
grs. 
11-7 
grs. 
10 
grs. 
10-0 
gl-s. 
11-3 
grs. 
14-2 
Tliere was, therefore, the smallest amount of urea in each ounce of urine at the 
periods when the largest excretion of urine occurred, and vice versa. The contrast 
between the quantity of urea eliminated per hour, and the quantity contained in each 
ounce of urine at tlie various liours of the day, is delineated in Plate XXXIV. fig. 1, and 
proves that the proportion is the least in the morning hours, advances with the afternoon, 
and attains its maximum in tlie night hours. Table XIV. shows that, during the 
investigation made at every quarter of an hour, the quantity of urine increased from 7‘7 
fluid ounces per hour at 10^ a.m. to 13'5 fluid ounces per hour at I2f p.m., and was the 
greatest at the two periods when the rate of excretion of urea was the greatest, viz. 
12f, when 5I'6grs. of urea and 13‘5 fluid ounces of water were excreted per hour. 
There was an increase of urine with the increase of urea per hour, but it was not pro- 
portionate to the quantity of urea. In the afternoon the rate slowly fell from 4-4 to 3 
fluid ounces per hour at 2| and 3 p.m., and then rose to 5-4 ounces at the termination 
of the inquiry'. 
5 0 
MDCCCLXI. 
