OF UEEA AjST) UEINAEY WATEE. 
821 
Table XLII. 
3^ oz. extra fat. 
^ oz. tea. 
l|oz. 
coffee. 
2 oz. alcohol. 
Urea. 
Urine. 
Urea. 
Urine. 
Urea. 
Urine. 
Urea. 
Urine. 
grs. 
fl. oz. 
grs. 
fl. oz. 
grs. 
fl. oz. 
grs. 
fl. oz. 
529 
69-17 
4/4 
68-37 
515 
69 
489 
49-96 
The urea and urine, on the average of the four preceding days, were 525 grs. and 
70 ‘3 oz. ; but the quantity of urea had fallen from the commencement of the inquiry. 
Hence the extra fat produced no average change in the excretion of urea and urine ; 
but in Xo. 858 both were diminished, and in Xo. 1041 the urea was increased. 
Bockee and Bischoff have shown that, in the ordinary conditions of the system, an 
increase in the quantity of fat supplied does not vary the amount of urea evolved. 
The urea was greatly lessened under the influence of the tea, but that occurred chiefly 
on the first and second day ; for, whilst it fell to 442 grs. on the second day, it rose to 
508 grs. on the third, which was a treadwheel day. There is not, however, an unex- 
ceptionable basis of compaiison, since it is very probable that the average of the three 
preceding days was unduly increased by two of the three having been treadwheel days ; 
and hence it is probable that the diminution in the excretion of urea under the influence 
of tea is less than is now represented. The average excretion of urine was unchanged. 
The urea rose under the action of the coffee 42 grs. daily, and nearly reached the 
pomt from whence it fell before the tea had been administered. The quantity of urine 
remained unchanged. 
Professor Leumaxx found that theine increased the elimination of urea ; but Bocker 
and IlAinioxD state the contrary to be the action of tea, whilst at the same time they 
affirm that the urinary water is unaffected. The urinary water was observed by 
Leiimaxx, Bucker, and H.uimoxd to be increased, and the urea to be decreased, in 
various degrees by the action of coffee. 
The alcohol caused a further diminution in the amount of urea to the extent of 
26 grs. per day; but it yet remained 14 grs. per day higher than the point to which 
it first fell with the tea. In each of three regular cases the alcohol prevented the 
increased elimination which usually occurred from them on the treadwheel days, and 
rendered the amount on that day 43 grs. less than it had been with rest on the pre- 
ceding day ; but the urea rose on the third day from 406 grs. with the treadwheel 
labour, and 446 on the Sunday, to 557 grs. on the Monday. 
The amount of urine was reduced nearly 20 oz. per day on the average of the whole 
of the prisoners, and in each of them. 
The barometer fell so low as 28‘904 in. on the first day of the administration of the 
alcohol, and would therefore tend to lessen the elimination of urea. 
Bocker and Hammoxd found that the addition of moderate quantities of alcohol to 
the ordinal*)' diet lessened the excretion both of urea and urinary water. 
Tea, coffee, and alcohol, but particularly the latter, had, in my experiments, the power 
5 s 2 
