1118 
DE. J. S. BOWEEBANK ON THE ANATOIilY 
to be precisely the same as that of the kerato-fibrous sponges of the first suborder of 
Order III. Keratosa. 
Dactylocalyx 'pumicea, Stutchbury, was described in the Proceedings of the Zoolo- 
gical Society, part ix. 1841, p. 86, October 26, 1841. The author describes it thus: 
“ Sponge fixed, siliceous ; incurrent canals uniform in size ; excurrent canals large, 
forming deep sinuosities on the outer surface, radiating from the root to the outer 
circumference.” 
The sponge was received by the Bristol Museum from Dr. Cutting of Barbadoes. 
The genus Dactylocalyx was established by Mr. Stutchbuey to designate this fine 
siliceo-fibrous sponge. Half of the type specimen is in the Museum at Bristol, and 
the remaining portion in the possession of Dr. J. E. Geat of the British Museum. 
Although the sponge was designated Dactylocalyx pumicea, no generic characters were 
given. I propose therefore to characterize it as follows : — 
Dactylocalyx. 
Skeleton siliceo-fibrous. Fibres solid, cylindrical. Beticulations unsymmetrical. Part II. 
Plate XXXIV. fig. 17. 
Suborder VII. Canaliculated siliceo-fibrous skeletons. Skeletons reticulate, symmetrical. 
Fibres composed of concentric layers of solid silex, with a continuous central canal. 
Type, Farrea occa, Bowerbank, MS. 
i have seen in the organic remains from deep-sea soundings several varieties of frag- 
ments of siliceous fibres with simple central canals, having every appearance of being 
from unknown species of siliceo-fibrous sponges ; but the only satisfactory specimen of 
this genus of sponges is the one at the base of Dr. Aethue Faeee’s specimen of Euplec- 
tella cucumer, Owen, described in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 
vol. xxii. p. 117, plate 21. 
The fibres in Farrea occa are rather coarse, abundantly tuberculated, and the mode 
of reticulation is rectangular. Their construction is exactly like those of Verongia, the 
type of the fourth suborder of the third order, Keratosa. Part II. Plate XXVII. fig. II. 
Order III. KERATOSA. 
Suborder I. Solid non-spiculate kerato-fibrous skeletons. 
The greater number of the sponges of commerce belong to this suborder. How many 
species are comprised under the designation of “ the sponges of commerce ” it is very 
difficult to decide, as we rarely obtain them in their natural condition ; but it is certain, 
from then.’ well-washed skeletons, that their number is considerable, and that at least 
two distinct genera occur among them. If we assume that the well-known cup-shaped 
sponge, usually sold as the best Turkey sponge, is the one entitled to the designation of 
