ON SOME OF THE ANIMALS FED AND SLAIJGHTEEED AS HITMAN FOOD. 509 
Table IV. —Summary of Percentages of Total Fat (by Melting, Expression, and Ether) 
in Ten Animals. 
1st. In Fresb Carcass.~2nd. In Fresh Offal (equal Sum of Parts excluding Contents of Stomachs and 
Intestmes).— 3rd. In Entire Animal (Fasted Live-weight— including therefore Contents of Stomachs and 
Intestines). 
[The mean percentage of Fat from Total Parts in the Entire Animal is given — 1st, by addition of the 
amounts in the separate items ; 2nd, with the ether-determinations made direct on a mixture of Entire 
Animal crude-dry-matters (except wool, with the amount in wool added).] 
1 
Percentages in fasted live-weight of Entire Animal. 
From Total Parts. 
Description of animal. 
Percentages 
in fresh 
Carcass. 
Percentages 
in fresh Offal 
(excluding 
contents of 
stomachs and 
intestines). 
From Carcass 
parts. 
From Oflfal 
parts. 
By addition 
of items. 
By ether de- 
terminations 
direct on mix- 
ture of entire 
animal dry 
matter (except 
wool) and 
woolfat added. 
Fat calf 
Half-fat ox 
Fat ox 
Fat lamb 
Store sheep 
Half-fat old sheep 
Fat sheep 
Extra fat sheep 
Store pig 
Fat pig 
16-6 
22-6 
34-8 
36-9 
23-8 
31-3 
45-4 
53-1 
28-1 
49-6 
14- 6 
15- 7 
26-3 
20-1 
16- 1 
18-5 
26-4 
34-5 
15-0 
22-8 
10-3 
14-6 
23-1 
22-1 
12-7 
16-7 
26-1 
34-7 
18*7 
37-6 
4-34 
4-12 
6-96 
6-28 
6-18 
6-52 
9-43 
10-94 
4-68 
4-50 
14-6 
18-7 
30-0 
28-3 
18-9 
23-2 
35-5 
45-7 
23-3 
42-1 
14-8 
19-1 
30-1 
28-5 
18-7 
23-5 
35-6 
45-8 
23-3 
42-2 
Means of all 
34-4 
21-0 
21*7 
6-40 
28-0 
28-2 
Means of the 8, excluding store 
sheep and store pig j 
36-5 
22*3 
23-2 
6-64 
29-8 
29-9 
Means of the 6, excluding the ' 
store and half-fat animals ... 
39-7 1 
24-1 
25-6 
7-08 
32-7 
32-8 
^ Taking fii-st the percentage of Fat in the fresh Carcass yielded by melting and expres- 
sion, it IS seen, that the amount around the kidneys increases very considerably as the 
animal fattens. ^ In fact, practically, the judgment of the butcher on first disembowel- 
ling an animal is perhaps more influenced by the fatness of the kidneys than by any 
other single point. The figures show (Table III.), that, whilst the Carcass of the half- 
at Ox aflbrded 3-07 per cent, of fat, by melting and expression, from around the kid- 
ney s,^ that of the fatter, but only moderately fat Ox, gave 5-44 per cent, of such fat. Of 
t e Sheep, the Carcass of the store animal gave only 1-69 per cent, of melted and ex- 
pressed kidney fat ; that of the half-fat old one 3-60 per cent. ; and that of the moderately 
at one 8-38 per cent. Again, the percentage of melted and expressed kidney fat in the 
Carcass of the store Pig was 1-67, against 4-32 per cent, in that of a Pig in every respect 
simi ar, excepting that, from the time the former was slaughtered, it was fed on fatten- 
ing ood during a period of ten weeks. It must be remembered, that these amounts of 
