11 
the lower reaches of the Annan, Trevethan Creek, and the Bloomfield, where large 
deposits may be expected to occur. The quantities of ore raised, according to the 
Annual Beports of the Department of Minos, have been as follow : — 
1885 
Tons. 
300 
Value. 
£3,144i 
1886 
148 
7,400 
1887 
945 
58,783 
1888 
1,051 
66,949 
1889 * 
090 
38,000 
34,979 
1890 
578 
Totals 
3,712 
£209,255 
The greater part of the above must have been stream tin. Brom Alay, 1889, 
to May, 1890, 640 tons of stone wore crushed at the Linn’s Den Machine, yielding 
49 tons of “ black tin.” The only other machine on the field, that at Mount Browning, 
only commenced work during the present year (1891). 
The principal lodes occurring in granite or syenite country are the Mount Les- 
well, Wheal Davey, Collingwood, Lease 96, Cahill Brothers’ Lease, Eichmond, Lion’s 
Den, Mount Hartley, Mount Amos, Mount Browning, Biery Star, Murray and Me Ardle’s, 
C-ladstone, and Creighton’s, while Dodd’s Lode and a few others occur in a greywacke 
rock which may be supposed, like the strata of the Palmer Gold Bield, to belong to the 
Glympie Bormation. 
The ore appears to occur in the lodes for the most part in pipes or shoots, 
associated with quartz, wolfram, and tourmaline, the last sometimes in considerable 
quantities,* and is occasionally very rich. 
These mines are described in detail in the two reports by the writer.f 
CHARTEES TOWERS GOLD EIELD. 
See Chapter III. 
RAVENSWOOD GOLD EIELD. 
The country-rock of this goldfield is a grey syenitic granite, in which hornblende 
accompanies or takes the place of mica. Actinolite is sometimes substituted for the 
ornblende. The reefs belong to two distinct systems, one running north and south 
underlying to the east, and the other running east and west and underlying to the 
south. They generally have a quartzose gangue, and contain iron and copper pyrites, 
arsenical pyrites, zinc-blende, galena, &e., as well as gold. This complex “ mundic,” 
when exposed to alternate atmospheric and aqueous influences, is decomposed, the 
metallic compounds being oxidised and the gold set free, and consequently the field was 
a favourite “poor man’s diggings” till the water level was reached. At that level, 
owever, the majority of the mines suffered a severe check, as it was found to be 
impossible to save more than a small proportion of the gold by amalgamation. Tbe 
products of some of the richer mines wore for a time sent to Europe for treatment, but 
many of the others which had paid well in the “ brownstone” did not produce a sufficient 
quantity of rich ore to yield a profit after paying expenses, of which the carriage to the 
coast formed the heaviest item. Boasting was also resorted to, and was successful in some 
eases. Smelting was next tried, but proved too costly. Chlorination and the “Cyanide” 
process have also been tested. Improvements in these processes will probably ere long 
prove equal to the extraction of the gold from what has hitherto been found an unusually 
erractory ore, when Eaveuswood will take high rank among Australian goldfields. 
Mb. Clarke’a Petrographical Notes. 
Observations on the North of Queensland, 1S87 : and Second Report on the Tin Mines 
near Cooktown, 1891. » * » 
