i08 
“ On the eastern or Boyne side of the watershed are Machine Greet, Tucker’s 
Gully, Pancake GuUy, and New Zealand Gully. The latter, which was started in 1863, 
has been by far the most productive. A large number of men were employed in it in 
1872. 
“ From over 800 men in the year 1864, the number has gradually fallen so 
that now (1885) scarcely a score are at present at work on the field. The 
future of Callio'pe will depend, therefore, rather on its reefs than on its alluvial 
de2iosits. 
“ The formation consists of metamorphosed rocks, chiefly of altered grey and 
greenish slates, with numerous outcrops of limestone and marble.” These have yielded 
no recognisable fossils. “ The country-rock is intersected by dykes and patches of 
serpentine diorite and porphyry.” 
Mr. Bands, in his Eeport, gives descriptions of the Theresa, King’s Gully, Tho 
Company’s, Perseverance, Connemara, John Bull, Alexandra, Mitchell, and Wood’s 
Beefs, and observes that “ u^) to the present time none of the reefs have had a fair 
trial. The deepest shaft is not more than 100 feet in depth ; and, from the informa- 
tion I could gather, some of them at any rate have been abandoned for reasons such 
as want of capital, bad management, high rates for crushing, &c., and not because 
they did not contain gold in payable quantities, if worked in a judicious and economical 
manner.” 
The Norton Gold Field is at ^iresont the most prosjicrous of the group, probably 
for the reason that it has boon fortunate enough to attract tho attention of men ot 
energy and skill. It was discovered in 1871, but little work was done till 1879, when a 
machine was erected. 
The formation is a grey, medium-grained granite, which glasses in places into 
syenite and in others into porphyry. 
“ The granite is in the form of an eruptive ‘ boss,’ which rises through and sends 
out veins into tho surrounding slate country. 
“ The granite is intersected by gold-bearing roofs and volcanic dykes of diorite, 
porphyry, and dolerito.” 
Mr. Bands describes minutely the Advance, Who’d-have-thought-it, Emu, Never 
Never, Little AYonder, Chandler’s, Martin’s, All Nations, Galena, and other reefs. In 
these the gold is associated with iron jryrites, arsenical pyrites, zinc-blende, galena, 
stibnile (sulphide of antimony), quartz, and calcite. From 1879 to 1884 inclusive, 
2,766 ton,s of stone w'ore crushed for 7,883 oz. of gold, but the treatment of the comj)!®^ 
mundic proved the chief drawback to the development of the field. Lately, chlorination 
has been successfully api^’Hod to the treatment of the stone, and the field will jmobably 
develop steadily in future. 
The country-rock of the Cania Gold Field is described by Mr. Bands as consisting 
of alternate layers of sandstone, slates, and limestone, the latter of a pisolitic structure 
and in parts fossiliferous. These rocks are capped by denuded tablelands of “ Desert 
Sandstone.” The limestones have yielded Corals and Brachiojjoda, which render i* 
almost certain that the auriferous strata belong to the same ago as the Gympie Beds 
(Permo-Carboniferous) . 
“ Colours of gold can bo obtained from the drift in the beds of any of the 
creeks or gullies in the district, and most of them have been worked more or less- 
On the Cania or Tlu-ee-moon Creek aide of the watershed, the principal workings 
are the Four-mile Creek and its gullies. This creek has yielded large amounts 
of gold in rich jjatches, but it is uot at all evenly distributed, and the beds 
cannot be followed any distance. Lower down on the same or west feide of the 
