231 
intercalated ribs ” both on the fold and sinus of De Koiiinck’s shell, as described by 
Davidson ; and not “ with a few undefined, and numerous faintly elevated ridges more 
visible in the cast,” as seen in the former and Australian species, ilf. subradiata at 
times assumes very large proportions and possesses, on the cast, many indistinct, simple, 
radiating ridges, and notwithstanding the unequal bifurcating nature of those on 8. 
crassa, it is, of course, just possible that we may be dealing only with an extreme 
variety of our common form, although I am much more inclined to take the other view. 
Neither do I believe that it is in any way related to tho shell figured by Professor De 
Koninck as Spirifera pinguis, var. rotundafa* in which the ribbing is broad, more or 
less equal, with but little interpolation, whilst the fold and sinus are comparatively 
devoid of ribs. 
Loo. and Horizon. Stony Creek, Stanwell, near Eockhampton {The late James 
Smith) — Grympie Beds. 
SinEiPEiiii. DTjniA, JStherid[ie, PL 10, fig. 14. 
Spirifera duhia, Etheridsje, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., 1872, xxviii., p. 330, t. IG, f. G. 
Sp. Char. Shell transversely scini-circular ; hinge-line nearly as long as the 
Width of tho shell ; cardinal angles gently rounded ; mesial fold having many small ribs, 
and wide at ventral border of shell ; eight or nine ribs occur on each side of the mesial 
fold upon the cardinal angle or lateral portion of the shell, and some of the ribs upon the 
lateral areas bifurcated as they njiproachcd the ventral margin. {Etheridge?) 
Ohs. This shell resembles some forms of Spirifera undulata, but the ribs are 
finer than in normal forms of that species; the ribbed mesial fold and bifurcating 
lateral ribs are essential points of difference. Not having any outer shell, we have no 
means of determining any markings upon the valves ; but it differs from known species 
of Spirifera. I know of no species, either Devonian or Carboniferous, to which the 
above shell can be referred, tho rounded cardinal angles and almost semi-circular dorsal 
Valve distinguishing it from every known form. {Etheridge.) 
Loc. and Horizon. Grympie {The late It. Haintree) — Grympie Beds. 
SriEirEE.v, sp. ind. {b.), PI. 38, figs. 4-6. 
^pirifer vespertilio, De Koninck, Foss. Pal. Nouv.-Galles du Sud, 1877, Pt. 3, t. 13, f. 46 and c (excl. f. ia 
and h) ; t. 14, f. 3 ? — {non G. B. Sowerby). 
Sp Char. Shell oblong-triangular ; valves unequally convex ; cardinal margin 
imost as long as the valves, but the alar angles rounded; front margin laterally in one 
plane, much siuuated in the middle line. Yeutral valve coiivex, with a well-defined deep 
®mus extending some distance forward ; shoulders high ; umbo elevated and probably 
good deal incurved ; area wide and barely as long as the cardinal margin ; fissure 
“Vge and triangular ; cardinal muscular impressions broadly lingual ; adductor scars 
^®vy narrow ; shelly plates largo and thick. Dorsal valve with the flanks only slightly 
•Convex ; fold prominent, high, and wall-sided, umbo depressed. Ventral valve bears six 
prominent, simple, straight, and somewhat unequal ribs, with a few indistinct and 
^ttened ribs in the sinus ; fold plain, tho flanks of the dorsal valve bearing the same 
dumber of costed) ; interspaces plain and wider than the latter. 
Obs. The above characters are taken from well-preserved casts. They agree most 
^tisfactorily, and are probably identical with the short smaller form figured by De 
oninck as Spirifera vespertilio {loc. cit., t. 13, f. 46 and c). It is, however, doubtful if 
’ose are Gr. B. Sowerby’s species of that name as figured by Morris. In the former’s 
*Foss. Pal. Noiiv.-Galles du Sud, 1877, Pt. 3, i. 14, i. 2. 
