239 
resembling one anotlier, but still differing to some extent in shape, and tbe exterior 
markings of the test. No doubt great resemblance exi.sts externally between S. glahra 
and Martiniopsis suhradintn, but, if Dr. Waagen’s observations are to carry any weight, 
the lilcennss ceases hero. I now purpose selecting a form to serve as the type of IL 
suh'adiafa, and to consider the other conditions as well marked and recognisable varieties. 
The true M. mbradiata, as represented by BJorris’s figures, given in Count de 
Strzeleeki’s Work,* is an elliptical, rather transverse, sub-compressed, comparatively 
Smooth shell, possessing a wide shallow sinus, a low broad fold divided by a median 
ill-defined groove, and bounded on each side by a similar furrow, a high p)rominent 
central umbo, aud long shoulders on either side. The flanks are either gently convex 
or flattened, with, now and then, undefined radiating costoc, crossed by distant concen- 
tric lamiiue of growth. 
Tliis species at times attains a considerable size, one specimen having come under 
tty notice quite three and a-half inches in transverse diameter. Internal casts of the 
species proper usually display the slits left by the dental plates and processes of the 
Ventral and the septal plates of the dorsal valve, the latter extending into the body of 
the shell for fully one-third of its depth. Such examples are met with in the Eock- 
hampton District, espcciallj^ at Banana Creek. 
The structure of the test, to include this shell in Martiniopsis, should be punctate, 
a^nd it is so described by De Koninck, who says — “ Le tet est assez mince et perfore,” 
the 2:ierforations being arranged in quincunx. In one of our Queensland specimens, 
preserved in limestone, a delicate pitting is observable on both flanks. The other portions 
are covered with a very fine striation or ribbing, visible to the naked eye. Wherever 
the surface is abraded this striation has the appearance of longitudinal tubes running 
through the substance of the test ; but on those portions merely smoothed over by the 
denuding agent, these tubes appear as darker lines traversing tbe lighter coloured 
limestone of which the shell is composed. 
The following may be taken as characteristic figures of M. suhradiata : — 
Morris in Strzelecki, loo. cit., t. IG, f. 1-4. 
De Kouinclc, loc. cit, t. 12, f. 1. 
Tab. Host., H. 11, 6g. 14. 
The varieties of this sjiecies known to me are, viz. : — 
t. Var. Morriaii (inihi). See post 
• >i iransversa (mihi), De Koninck’s Foss. Pal. Nouv.-Galles du Sud, 1877, Pt. 3, t. 12, f. 16. 
• 1 ) Koninck'i (mihi), De Koniiick’s Foss. Pal. Nouv.-Galles du Sud, 1877, Pfc. 3, t. 10, f. 11 a and 6, 
t. 11, f. 10 and lOrt, t. 16, f. 1 (—Spirifera Darmnii, De Kon., non Morris). 
In addition to these varieties, the two last of which I have not seen from 
Queensland, there is another fonn represented in PI. 40, fig. 3. At first sight this would 
®eem to be a variety of McCoy’s Spirifera oviformis,^ but it may be only a condition of 
suhradiata on which a good deal of oblique lateral pressure has been exerted, and 
Ventral sulcus much pressed together. 
Martiniopsis suhradiata is quite distinct from both the Indian sjjecies, and its 
^elation to M. Barwinii will bo touched on under the description of the latter species. 
Loc. and Horizon. Stonehumpy Creek, Bowmn Eiver (i?. L. Jack)-, Banana 
veek, near Banana, Dawson Eiver (ZT. MaoTcay, Colin. Do Vis; and the late James 
‘nitK)’ Eichards’ Homestead, three miles south-west of Mount Britton Township 
V®' Hull ) — Middle or Marine Series of the Bowen Eiver Coal Field ; Gympie ( Cr. Sweet ; 
^olln. Sweet, Melbourne) — Gympie Bods. The longitudinally elongated variety is from 
Creek {H. MaoJeay ; Colin. De Vis). 
* PI. xvi, fig. 1. 
t Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1847, xx., p. 234, t. 13, f. 5 and G. 
