402 
^ Between tte Diamentina and Wokingliani Creek, grey sandstones are seen at 
intervals, with occasional sandy ironstone or ironmaskod sandstone. Silicified wood is 
strewn over the soil. 
On Watts Creek, a tributary of the Diamentina, pale greenish-grey sandstones 
are seen in thick beds. The sandstone has a remarkable internal structure. Although 
the lines of bedding continue without interrujition, a concretionary process acting on 
t e protoxide of iron in the rock appears to have hardened spherical portions of the 
mass, which can easily be detached from the softer portions. These spheres weather out, 
as round as cannon-balls, and can be seen in the bed of the creek, of all sizes, from that 
of small shot to six feet in diameter. I have so frequently heard descriptions of similar 
‘ sandstone balls ” from different portions of the Eolling Downs, that the structure 
referred to cannot be uncommon, but the above is the only instance I have seen. The 
“ balls ” are not waterwom, it must be remembered, but concretionary. 
In a well sunk, about 1878, on the march between Werna and Ayrshire Downs 
Euns, a three to four inch seam of coal was cut at one hundred and forty feet ; a 
second seam was struck between one hundred and forty feet and one hundred and 
eighty feet. The sinking was left off in hard fine-grained sandstone at two hundred and 
four feet. I was informed that the strata passed through were, with the exception of 
the coal-seams, all grey sandstones and sandy shales, and that ’among the beds cut 
through were an argillaceous fiagstone with shells and several beds of sandstone with 
iron pyri.es, and that many fragments of silicified and carbonised wood were met with. 
Some fragments of coal from the spoil-heap gave, on an approximate analysis : — 


4-97 
100-00 
This coal does not soil the fingers, and bears a close resemblance in composition 
to the famous Losmahagow Caunel Coal, although it is brighter and more lustrous in 
cross fracture. My samples had lain exposed to the weather for two and a-half years, 
and must have lost some of their volatile matter. An analysis of the Lesmahagow Coal 
IS given for comparison: — 
Carbon 
Tolatile 
Ash ... 
39-40 
56-60 
4-00 
100-00 
^ A httle water was struck below the first coal-seam, and a little at one hundred 
and eighty feet. Water stood at one hundred and thirty-four feet from the surface. 
In the Township of Winton, “Sheppard’s Well” was sunk in Allotment 7 of 
Section 1. Mr. Julius von Berger supplied me, in 1882, with the following 
Alluvial layer (yellowish, sandy, with a few scams of 
carbonaceous ash) 
Coaly shale 
Second alluvial layer 
Coal-seam ... 
Third alluvial layer (compact clay-shale with pieces of jet 
and lanceolate leaves : in the’middle of the layer a bed 
of shells) 
Coal-seam ... 
Hard alluvial clay 
Ft, in, 
40 0 
0 
40 0 
0 7 
40 0 
2 0 
13 0 
