427 
TAUA. No. 3 BORE, Wellsliot Run, near Barcaldine (Private). 
Water struck at 1,930 feet; supply, 20,000 gallons per day. At 2,033 feet the 
volume had increased to 75,000 gallons, and at 2,050 feet to about 150,000 gallons. At 
2,100 feet the supply was between 150,000 and 200,000 gallons. Still sinking. The 
temperature at 1,930 feet was 110°, and it gradually increased to 135° at 2,100 feet.* 
ADAVALE.— Lat. 25° 56', Long. 141° 36'. 
In 1885 1 visited a well at Adavale, which had been sunk to a depth of one 
hundred feet through white shales. Very salt water was standing fifty feet deep. The 
site of the well is abont 1,000 feet above sea-level. 
GUMBARDO SAWMILL WELL, near Adavale.— Lat. 26° 10', Long. 144° 45'. 
In passing this well, in 1891, 1 was informed by Mr. F. Learmouth, Manager of 
the Station, that the total depth was seventy-five feet. The spill-bank showed that 
fine hard shales were occasionally parted by beds of fine-grained ferruginous sandstone, 
and that there is a very coarse siliceous grit near the bottom. A well at the Station 
shows similar material. After my visit to the Moondilla Gold Field (see Chapter 
XXXV.), I am inclined to suspect that the strata cut in this and the preceding bore 
may prove to be 'Tertiary, and not Cretaceous. 
CHARLEVILLE BORE (Government).— Lat. 26° 26', Long. 146° 16'. 
“This bore is situated within a few yards of the Eailway Terminus, and its 
altitude is nine hundred and seventy-five feet above sea-level.” “The strata pierced 
maybe briefly stated as follows, viz.;— Sand, clays, and gravels of the Upper Cretaceous 
[Desert Sandstone?] Formation to two hundred and seventy feet; thence clays, 
sandstones, and light-coloured shales of the Lower Cretaceous Formation, intcrstratifled 
with thin beds of gravel to eight hundred and seventy-five feet ; thence well-defined 
hlue shales of the latter formation to the bottom in sandstone, where the large supply 
of water was found. From one hundred and seventy-five to one hundred and ninety-five 
feet from the surface excellent fresh water was struck in gravel, but it did not flow. 
At three hundred aud ten feet a further supply was tapped, and the bore was finished 
at 1,370 feet 10 inches. It is lined with two strings of A. and ,1. Stewart’s swollen- 
jointed wrought-iron casing. The outer string consists of two hundred and fifty- 
oight feet of ten-inch tubes, inches thick ; the inner of 1,2 L9i feet, eight inches in 
diameter, inches thick. Before inserting and fixing the plug and valve 
for controlling the flow, the water was spouting with a velocity of fully eleven feet per 
second, and to a height of about three feet above the top of the eight-inch casing. On 
closing the valve the pressure was found to be 95 lb. per square inch, which has since 
increased to 100 lb. The volume is now fully 3,000,000 gallons per twenty-four hours. 
The water is clear, colourless, soft, and potable. Its temperature is about 100° 
Tahr., and when cool it is, as far as I can judge, wholesome and palatable. For a little 
time after the plug was inserted the valve was occasionally choked by large pieces of 
shale, which the water brought from the bottom, and the valve had to be frequently 
taken off to clear it. This inconvenience was remedied as follows : — One hundred 
^nd ninety-three feet of six-inch easing were screwed together, the lower sixty-three 
feet of which were well perforated and then allowed to drop to the bottom, the top of 
the six-inch casing overlapjDing the eight-inch by forty-two and a-half feet. This 
mode of dealing with the difileulty had the desired effect ; no trouble has accrued since, 
this means the flow and pressure have been maintained intac t, and, so far as I 
* Rockhampton Bulletin, December, 1891. 
