433 
Teet. 
Hard blue shale ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 36 
Hard blue shale with black pebbles ... ... ... ... 2 
Fine dark gritty sandstone 3 
(Brackish water cased off to this bed, and sweet waterrises to six 
feet from surface) 
404 
(Bore in progress). 
There are no springs nearer than the Sylvester Springs, which are referred to 
under the head of Sandringham. 
SOUTH AUSTEALIA. 
Heferring to the Holling Downs Formation, as developed in South Australia, Mr. 
H. T. L. Brown, (Jovernmeut Geologist for that Colony, says * ; — 
“ Below and surrounding the table-hills and stony downs are the soft silt plains, 
which, together with the former, cover the gypseous clays, marls, calcareous shales, 
limestone, sand, and gravol drifts of Cretaceous age. The greatest thickness of these 
beds, which has been proved by boring at Tarkininna, is about 1,200 feet. The mound 
springs, which are the natural indications of artesian water beneath those plains, are 
found in many places near the outcrops of bed rock, between the juuction of which and 
the Cretaceous rocks the water has, doubtless, found an easier egress. On the surface 
the water often forms accumulations of travertine limestone, rising to heights of forty 
or fifty feet, and showing in the distance across the level plains, where there is a group of 
springs, like a low range of hills ; the deposition of this limestone has, in many 
instances, formed raised cups or basins, over the edges of which the water flows. The 
water of these springs contains soda, aud is generally good drinking water ; in some 
cases, however, in the same group of springs, there is a great difference in the quality 
of the water, which in one .spring may be drinkable, and in another, a few feet away, 
salt. As a rule these spring waters are warm, and must have a considerable tempera- 
ture beneath the surface. Bores have been sunk by the Government in this formation 
at Tarkininna, where artesian water was tapped at 1,200 feet, and at Hergott, Coward 
Springs, Strangway Spi’ings, &c., where a large supply of water was obtained at an 
average depth of some three hundred feet. The supply from some of these bores is 
over 1,000,000 gallons per day.” 
J. 
2 D 
The Mesozoic Plains of South Australia. Proc. Austr. Assoc. Adv. Sci., i., 1888, p. 213. 
