550 
Kingsinill, Ediuboro’ Castle, and Kertietia Hill being some of the chief points of 
elevation. The Grey Ranges of New South Wales and Queensland belong to the same 
formation. 
“ Overlying the Cretaceous and superincumhent hard rocks are deposits of 
loose and consolidated clay, loam, silt, sand, gypsum, limestone, &c., all of Tertiary and 
Recent age. 
“ Strewed over the surface of many of the plains and flat areas lie fragments of 
gravel, ferruginous sandstone and c[uartzite, with agates, chalcedony, and other pebbles 
derived from the table-hill formation, which prove the existence of these beds beneath 
the surface at no great depth.” 
It will be seen that Mr. Brown does not distinctly aver that the “ Super-Cre- 
taceous” rocks described by him lie unconformably on the Cretaceous ; there can be no 
doubt, however, that he so understands their relations, as is evident from the sections 
accompanying the report. The identity of the “ Super-Cretaceous ” of South Australia 
with the Desert Sandstone of Queensland, in Mr. Brown’s mind is settled by his remark 
that “the Grey Ranges of New South Wales and (Jueeusland belong to the same 
formation.” The “ porcelainised ” condition of a portion of the sandstone on the South 
Australian side of the border is a very interesting observation, in view of the “ quasi- 
vitreous ” appearance of the formation at Cloncurry and Croydon on the Queensland 
side. The superposition of Tertiary rocks on the Desert Sandstone of South Australia 
is an observation of the highest importance, as direct evidence of this nature is quite 
wanting iu Queensland, and Daintree ascribed a Tertiary age to the Desert Sandstone 
itself. 
Mr. Brown, in a Report to the Under Secretar’y for Mines of New South Wales, 
dated 17th Oct., 1881,* observes that in the Mount Poole district [in the N.W. corner 
of New South Wales] the Cretaceous Formation “ forms the undulating plains or downs 
of what was formerly known as the ‘ Stony Desert,’ and is capped bi/ the table-hills of 
the Grey and Mount Stewart Ranges, which rise in steep escarpments above it . . . 
Resting on the soft Cretaceous Formation, in outlying hills and tablelands, and in some 
cases covering it, over large areas, is a series of kaolin, sandstone, grit and pebble- 
conglomerate beds, capped by a layer of quartzite boulder-conglomerate, having often a 
slight dip in various directions, but being generally horizontal. The pebble-conglomerate 
is formed of large rounded boulders and pebbles of a yellow or reddish colour, together 
with yellow flint, quartz, &c., porcelainised in some way or other to an intense hardness, 
and bearing the appearance of having been fused. The total thickness from the bottom 
of the kaolin and sandstone to the top of the quartzite averages about one hundred feet. 
Mount Poolo itself is an outlying mass of quartzite and flint conglomerate, forming a 
capping on ferruginous yellow and white sandstone resting on Cretaceous marly clay 
with gypsum ; as also are The Turrets and other hills near. Near Whampa Waterhole, 
close to the 215-mile post on the N. S. Wales and Queensland boundary line, there is a 
section of about two hundred feet caused by the falling away of part of an isolated 
hill, as follows : — 
(1.) Hard flinty quartzite. 
(2.) While kaolin and sandstone, with veins of gypsum. 
(3.) Gray marly clay, with gypsum nodules. 
(4.) Yellow marly clay, with thin bands of clay iron ore.f 
* Legislative Assembly Paper, N.S.W., 4th Nov., 1881. 
t Nos. 3 and 4 probably in Cretaceous, and Nos. 1 and 2 in “ Super-Cretaceous,” according to Mr 
Brown, or Desert Sandstone according to Daintree’s nomenclature. 
