651 
“ The continuation of the range whereof this hill is an outlier, extends north- 
W'^ards into Queensland and southward to Mount Stewart, and to the eastw'ard of 
Milparinka. A portion of this range near Tipperberry Creek has a claystone-con- 
glomerate instead of quartzite forming the capping of the hills, the lower beds being the 
same. 
“ At Mount Stewart the section is : — 
Ft. in. 
(1.) Quartzite conglomerate 10 0 
(2.) Yellow sandstone, with grit and pebble conglomerate ... 20 0 
(3.) White kaolin and sandstone I ino 0 
(4.) Pink „ „ ... _ ... ) 
(5.) Gray marly clay, with iron ore and gypsum merging into the plains.* 
“The Grey llange enters Queensland about eight or ten miles to tbe west of 
Whampa, and is of the same formation but of larger extent than tbe last mentioned. 
“ On the top of one of these small tablelands, eight or ten miles sontb-west of 
Whampa, there is a grove of fossil tree-stumps standing in an upright position. There 
are thirteen or fourteen large ones, the gi’oatcst diameter being about four feet, 
aud the height four and a-half feet. The woody portion is represented by a white 
quartz rock, aud tbe bark by a brown qiiartzose sandstone and grit. Many of them are 
hollow, and fragments are lying about in all directions. Originally they must have 
been covered up, while ei-ect, by a deposit of mud or other soft material like that on 
which they grow, aud became petrified by the infiltration of silica and deposition of sand 
in their hollow portions; the matrix having since been denuded, they stand as evidences 
of how trees have degenerated in size in this part of the country since Cretaceous 
times. 
“ These hills extend a long distance westward and south-west. The Sisters, 
Mount Shannon, and many other flat-top hills, are of the same formation, which thins 
out to the south towards Mount Arrowsmith and the other outcrops of Silurian and 
Devonian rocks. 
“ Near Mullyeo and Killara Run there is a section showing quartzite con- 
glomerate on pebble conglomerate, with a deposit of chalky limestone conglomerate at 
the base of the hill, pieces of which, together with flint and chert, are contained in it. 
Quartzite conglomerate hills of low elevation extend from Mullyeo to the Warrego, and 
up both sides of that river beyond Yantaballa on one side, and Shearers Springs on the 
other, into Queensland. AYhat may be the geological age of those bods is not known, 
other than that they overlie deposits of Cretaceous age, as no fossils have been found 
in them. It is possible that they are upper beds of the Cretaceous period. They 
occupy the same position as the Queensland Desert Sandstone of Daintree, which has 
been lately proved by Mr. Jack, Government Geologist of Queensland, to he of 
Cretaceous age. 
“ Nearly the whole' surface of the Downs country in the neighbourhood of Mount 
Poole, and particularly the soft Cretacoous plains, is covered with a layer of angular and 
rounded stones, consisting of quartz, slate, sandstone, limestone, flint, ironstone, trap, 
quartzite, jasper, chalcedony, gypsum, and fossil wood. Near the Silurian ranges these 
fragments are generally quartz and slate, directly derived from the ranges, while on the 
plains they are quartzite, sandstone, &e., derived from quartzite and sandstone con- 
glomerate, which at one time covered this area, and of which the table hills and ranges 
alone remain. 
* The rliviijing line between the Cretaceon-s and “ Sui.er-Cretaceoua” rncka is probably the base of 
No. 4 in the above section. 
