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The fossil remains of horses have been very seldom mentioned by 
authors. The fossil teeth of a horse are given by Bernia, in his 
edition of Aldrovandus on Monsters, as the teeth of giants ; and 
Lang. Hist. Lap. Fig. Helv. Tab. xi. Fig. 1, 2, figures the tooth of 
a horse as the tooth of the hippopotamus. Kundmann has also en- 
graved the teeth of a horse, without knowing to what animal they 
belonged ; and Walch, having received some from Quedlimbourg, 
only observes, that they were similar to those which had been figured 
by Lang and Kundmann. Hence, Cuvier observes, that these having 
been so little noticed by former writers, is attributable partly to their 
not having excited their attention sufficiently, and partly to their 
ignorance respecting their origin. 
A species of horse appears to have been the associate of elephants 
in former periods ; but M. Cuvier is unable, from single bones and 
mutilated fragments, to determine in what points it nearest resembled 
the species of the present day. 
As the fossil teeth of the horse are most likely to be confounded 
with those of the ox or buffalo, I shall place before you the following 
distinguishing characters. 
The upper grinders of the horse agree with those of the ox and 
buffalo in their prismatic form, and are marked, like them, with four 
crescents ; but they have also a fifth on their inner edge. 
The lower grinders are more compressed, and have four crescents, 
the same as in the ox ; but instead of being disposed two and two, 
parallel, they are placed alternately, the first of the inner edge cor- 
responding with the interval on the outer edge. 
The largest fossil tooth of this animal which I have obtained, is one 
which was found by Mr. D. Ward, at Great Wigston, near Leicester. 
The size of these teeth we, however, know may depend on circum- 
stances not affected by the difference of species. Thus, if any of the 
teeth of one jaw are removed, the opposite teeth, in the other jaw, 
will grow to a very considerable length. 
