long and pointed. The long bones of the fore extremity are, accord- 
ing to Mr. Peale, much thicker in proportion than those of the hind 
extremity ; and this difference is greater than what exists in the ele- 
phant. The humerus, agreeably to the observations of M. Cuvier, is 
shorter, and the fore-arm longer, in proportion, than they are in the 
elephant. The humerus also is shorter, in proportion, to the scapula. 
The pelvis is much more depressed, in proportion to its width, than 
in the elephant : its opening is also much narrower. 
The enormous mass of the os femoris, and particularly its width, 
which exceeds that of both the existing and the fossil elephant, excites 
astonishment immediately on being seen. It is flatter from the fore part 
backwards, at its lower end, in consequence of the groove answering 
to the rotula being shorter. The tibia, in the opinion of Mr. Peale, 
is less in proportion, in this animal, than the elephant. The obser- 
vations of M. Cuvier do not corroborate this opinion ; but rather 
prove, that the proportions here were nearly alike in both animals. 
Mr. Peale observes, that the bones of the hind feet are remarkably 
smaller than those of the fore feet, as is likewise the case in the ele- 
phant. The second phalanges of the fore feet, he observes, terminate 
in surfaces, which seem to show that the bones of the third, or ungual 
phalanx, had more motion than they have in the elephant, and ap- 
proached nearer to those of the hippopotamus. 
From a careful attention to every circumstance, M. Cuvier con- 
ceives that we have a right to conclude, that this great mastodon, or 
animal of the Ohio, did not surpass the elephant in height, but was a 
little longer in proportion ; its limbs rather thicker j and its belly 
smaller. It seems to have very much resembled the elephant in its 
tusks, and indeed in the whole of its osteology ; and it also appears to 
have had a trunk. But notwithstanding its resemblance to the ele- 
phant, in so many particulars, the form and structure of the grinders 
are sufficiently different from those of the elephant, to demand its 
being placed in a distinct genus. From the later discoveries respect- 
